Mischna
Mischna

Mischna zu Kelim 17:12

וְיֵשׁ שֶׁאָמְרוּ בְמִדָּה גַסָּה, מְלֹא תַרְוָד רָקָב, כִּמְלֹא תַרְוָד גָּדוֹל שֶׁל רוֹפְאִים. וּגְרִיס נְגָעִים, כַּגְּרִיס הַקִּלְקִי. הָאוֹכֵל בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים כַּכּוֹתֶבֶת הַגַּסָּה, כָּמוֹהָ וּכְגַּרְעִינָתָהּ. וְנוֹדוֹת יַיִן וָשֶׁמֶן, שִׁעוּרָן כְּפִיקָה גְדוֹלָה שֶׁלָּהֶן. וּמָאוֹר שֶׁלֹּא נַעֲשָׂה בִידֵי אָדָם, שִׁעוּרוֹ כִמְלֹא אֶגְרוֹף גָּדוֹל, זֶה הוּא אֶגְרוֹפוֹ שֶׁל בֶּן בָּטִיחַ. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי, יֶשְׁנוֹ כְרֹאשׁ גָּדוֹל שֶׁל אָדָם. וְשֶׁנַּעֲשָׂה בִידֵי אָדָם, שִׁעוּרוֹ כִמְלֹא מַקְדֵּחַ גָּדוֹל שֶׁל לִשְׁכָּה, שֶׁהוּא כְפֻנְדְּיוֹן הָאִיטַלְקִי, וּכְסֶלַע הַנֵּירוֹנִית, וְכִמְלֹא נֶקֶב שֶׁבָּעֹל:

Und manchmal gaben sie ein großes Maß an: Eine Kelle Leichenschimmel bezieht sich auf die große Kelle Ärzte; Die gespaltene Bohne bei Hautkrankheiten bezieht sich auf die Art der Kilikier. Wer auf Jom Kippur einen Großteil der Masse eines großen Dattels isst, bezieht sich auf die Größe des Dattels und seiner Grube; bei Wein- und Ölschalen müssen die Löcher so groß sein wie ihr großer Stopfen; Im Fall eines Lochs für Licht, das nicht von Menschenhand gemacht wurde, ist die Mindestgröße die einer großen Faust, die sich auf die Faust von Ben Batiah bezieht. Rabbi Yose sagte: Und es ist so groß wie ein großer menschlicher Kopf. Und im Fall eines von Menschenhand gefertigten Bohrers entspricht die vorgeschriebene Größe der des großen Bohrers in der Tempelkammer , der der Größe des italienischen Pundions oder der neronischen Sela entspricht , oder wie das Loch in einem Joch.

Mishnah Oholot

The following defile by contact and carriage but not by overshadowing: A bone of barleycorn size, Earth from a foreign country, A bet peras, A limb of a corpse, or a limb [severed] from a living person which has no longer its appropriate flesh, A spine or a skull which is deficient. How much is [considered] a deficiency in the spine? Bet Shammai say: two vertebrae, But Bet Hillel say: even one vertebra. And in the skull? Bet Shammai say: [the size of a] hole [made] by a drill, But Bet Hillel say: as much as would be taken from a living person and he would die. Of what drill did they speak? Of the small one [used] by physicians, the words of Rabbi Meir. But the sages say: of the large one in the Temple-chamber.
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Mishnah Oholot

[An object] one handbreadth square and one handbreadth high conveys uncleanness and blocks uncleanness. How does it [block uncleanness]? In the case of a covered drain beneath a house, if it has a space a handbreadth wide and its outlet was a handbreadth wide, and there is uncleanness inside it, the house remains clean; And when there is uncleanness in the house, that which is within [the drain] remains clean, for the manner of the uncleanness is to go out and not to go in. If it had a space one handbreadth wide but its outlet was not one handbreadth wide, when there is uncleanness in it, the house becomes unclean; But when there is uncleanness in the house, that which is within it remains clean, for the manner of the uncleanness is to go out and not to go in. If it did not have a space one handbreadth wide and its outlet was not one handbreadth wide, when there is uncleanness within it, the house becomes unclean; And when there is uncleanness in the house, it [also] becomes unclean. It makes no difference if the cavity was carved out by water or by a sheretz or if it had been eaten out by salt. And similarly [if it is in] a row of stones or a pile of beams. Rabbi Judah says: any "tent" not made by a person is not considered a tent’. But he agrees that crevices and crags [can be considered as ‘tents’].
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