Beth Shammai dice: L'offerta di "vedere" (reiah) è di due argento (monete). [Un adulto che viene a "vedere" deve portare un olocausto, vale a dire. (Esodo 23:15): "La mia faccia non deve essere vista a mani vuote". L'offerta può costare non meno di due ma'ah d'argento, che sono il peso di trentadue chicchi d'orzo di argento raffinato], e l'offerta del festival (chagigah) [offerte di pace del festival, vale a dire. (Esodo 12:14): "E lo celebrerai come festa per la L"; cioè, porta le offerte di pace del festival. Possono costare non meno di] una ma'ah d'argento. E anche se non esiste un importo fisso per l'offerta del "vedere" e l'offerta del festival, è scritto (Deuteronomio 16:17): "Ogni uomo, secondo il dono della sua mano", i saggi stabiliscono un limite inferiore sotto che potrebbe non andare.] Beth Hillel dice: L'offerta di "vedere", una ma'ah d'argento; l'offerta del festival, due. [Poiché (parti di) le offerte di pace vanno in alto, rispettivamente ai sacerdoti e ai proprietari, per cui sono più costose delle offerte bruciate, che sono interamente (bruciate) in alto. E oltre all'olocausto di "vedere" e le offerte di pace del festival menzionate nella nostra Mishnah, dovevano anche portare un diverso tipo di offerta di pace chiamata "offerte di pace di gioia" (shalmei simchah), vale a dire. (Ibid. 27: 7): "E massacrerai le offerte di pace e le mangerai lì, e ti rallegrerai, ecc." Queste offerte di pace di gioia non sono menzionate qui e i saggi non hanno assegnato loro un importo fisso. E le donne sono obbligate in loro come lo sono gli uomini, le donne sono obbligate a gioire (durante il festival), vale a dire. (Ibid. 14:26): "E ti rallegrerai, tu e la tua famiglia."]
Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
הראיה שתי כסף – an adult who comes to be seen [in the Temple during the Three Pilgrimage Festivals] must bring a burnt offering, as it states (Exodus 23:15): “and none shall appear before Me empty-handed” (though the same connotation is found in Deuteronomy 16:16 – “…They shall not appear before the LORD empty-handed.”), which is not less than two silver MAOT, which are the weight of thirty-two globules/stones from purified silver.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Introduction
In this mishnah the two houses debate the minimum value of the pilgrimage offering and the hagigah offering. These two offerings were explained in the introduction to the tractate.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
וחגיגה – festival peace-offerings, as the Torah states (Exodus 12:14): “[This day shall be to you one of remembrance:] you shall celebrate it as a festival to the LORD [throughout the ages]….,” that is to say, they brought festival peace-offerings, none less than a silver M’AH, and even though there is no fixed measure for “appearing” and for the festival offering, as it is written (Deuteronomy 16:17): “But each with his own gift, [according to the blessing that the LORD your God has bestowed upon you],” the Sages gave them a lower fixed measure, that he should not bring less than this.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Bet Shammai say: the pilgrimage-offering (re’eyah) must be worth [at least] two pieces of silver and the hagigah one piece (ma’ah) of silver. But Bet Hillel say: the pilgrimage-offering must be worth [at least] one ma'ah of silver and the hagigah two pieces of silver. The pilgrimage offering is an olah, a wholly burnt offering, whereas the hagigah is a shelamim, a thanksgiving offering, part eaten by the priests, part by its owners and part offered on the altar. According to Bet Shammai the sacrifice that is completely for God, the pilgrimage offering, is the more expensive offering. If we extrapolate, we might say that when a person has a limited budget, he should spend more on God than on himself. Bet Hillel holds the opposite the hagigah offering, eaten by people, is to be the more expensive offering. Extrapolating again, Bet Hillel seems to put humans at the center, focusing on enriching their religious experience by providing them more food.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
הראיה מאה כסף וחגיגה שתי כסף – for peace-offerings have in them for God and the Kohanim and their owners, therefore they are more plentiful than burnt-offerings, which lack in them other than for the All-High (God), and except for the burnt-offering of appearance and the festival peace-offerings that are mentioned in our Mishnah, they also had to bring an additional other kind of peace-offering, and they are called peace-offerings of rejoicing, as it is written (Deuteronomy 27:7): “And you shall sacrifice there offerings of well-being and eat them, rejoicing [before the LORD your God].” But the peace-offerings of rejoicing (called “offerings of well-being” in the Torah) are not mentioned here [in the Mishnah]. And the Sages did not give them a particular [required] measure. But women are obligated in them as are men, for as regards “rejoicing,” women were commanded, as is it written (Deuteronomy 14:26): “…And you shall feast there, [in the presence of the LORD your God,] and rejoice with your household.”
