Gli olocausti su Chol Hamoed sono portati da Chullin (denaro non consacrato); e offerte di pace, dalla decima. [La nostra Mishnah è difettosa. Questo è ciò che è stato insegnato: il voto e gli olocausti vengono portati su Chol Hamoed e non su yom tov; e l'olocausto di "vedere" è portato anche su Yom Tov. Anche se può essere "pagato" per tutti e sette i giorni, la sua mitzvah essenziale è il primo giorno del festival. E quando viene portato, viene portato solo da Chullin. E le offerte di pace di gioia vengono dalla decima. Cioè, possono essere portati dai soldi della seconda decima. Perché le offerte di pace della gioia non sono obbligatorie dove c'è (altra) carne, e lui ha soldi di seconda decima (da spendere per loro) a Gerusalemme, così che con essa compra le offerte di pace e le mangia. Ma l'offerta del festival del primo giorno è obbligatoria, anche se ha carne in abbondanza. E tutto ciò che è obbligatorio viene portato da Chullin e non dalla decima.] Il (offerta di) il primo giorno della festa di Pesach—Beth Shammai dice: (È portato) da Chullin. Beth Hillel dice: dalla decima. [("il primo giorno del festival di Pesach" :) Lo stesso vale per i primi giorni degli altri festival. A Pesach viene insegnato perché alla vigilia di Pesach c'è un'offerta di festival diversa. Quando la compagnia per (mangiare) del Pesach era grande, portavano con sé un'offerta di festival, in modo che l'offerta di Pesach venisse consumata nella sazietà. La nostra Mishnah ci informa che è il festival di Yom Té che si offre che viene portato solo da Chullin, ma l'offerta del festival del quattordicesimo (di Nissan) può essere portata dalla decima. ("Beth Hillel dice: dalla decima" :) La gemara chiede come può essere se è obbligatorio e tutte le cose obbligatorie sono portate solo da Chullin. E risponde: Quando si unisce al denaro della seconda decima con Chullin, vale a dire, Se ha molti "mangiatori", per i quali un animale non sarà sufficiente, può portare un animale come offerta di festival da Chullin e altri da soldi di seconda decima . E anche se il nome "offerta del festival" si lega a tutto ciò che viene portato nel primo giorno del festival, Beth Hillel sostiene che è permesso portare gli altri dalla decima una volta che ha già adempiuto al suo obbligo con il primo da Chullin. ]
Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
עולות באות מן החולין – Our Mishnah is deficient and should be read as follows: burnt-offerings, offerings made by vow and free-will offerings, during the Intermediate Days of the Festival (i.e., Hol HaMoed) – is comes [from them i.e., burnt-offerings, offerings made by vow and free-will offerings, but on Yom Tov (the “holy day”) itself, they do not come [from them]. But the burnt-offering of “appearance” is brought even on Yom Tov, even though it has indemnity all seven [days], the essence of its commandment is on the first day of Yom Tov, and when it is brought, it does not come from other than non-sacred [animals]. But the peace-offerings of rejoicing come from the [Second] Tithe, meaning, we can bring peace-offerings of rejoicing from the monies of the Second Tithe, since the peace-offerings of rejoicing are not obligatory in a place where there is meat. And behold, there are monies of the Second Tithe to spend in Jerusalem. Therefore, he should purchase with them peace-offerings and consume them, but the Festival offering of the First Day of Yom Tov, is a matter of obligation, even if he has a lot of meat. For anything that is because it is a matter of obligation, it does not come other than from non-sacred [animals] and not from the [Second] Tithe.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Introduction
When people would make their pilgrimage festivals to Jerusalem, they would usually bring with them money which they had used to redeem their second tithe. Second tithe can be eaten by its owners but only in Jerusalem. To make things easier for people the Torah allows them to redeem the produce for money, take the money to Jerusalem and use it there to buy food items. Our mishnah deals with which sacrifices one can buy from second tithe money and which have to be purchased with “hullin,” unconsecrated money. It is in the best interests of the pilgrim to be able to use his second tithe money, money which he will have to spend in Jerusalem in any case.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
בי"ט ראשון של פסח – The same rule applies regarding the First Day of the other Festivals, but for this [purpose] he took “Passover,” since there is [on] the Eve of Passover another Festival offering, when the group united for eating the Passover lamb in company (see Exodus 12:4) is larger m they would bring with them the Festival offering, in order that the Passover [lamb] sacrifice would be eaten after the appetite is satisfied (see Tosefta Pesahim, Chapter 5, Halakha 3), and our Mishnah comes to teach us that the Festival offering (i.e., Hagigah) itself does not come from anything other than non-sacred [animals], but the Festival offering of the fourteenth [of Nisan] comes from the [Second] Tithe.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Burnt-offerings during the festival [week] are to be brought from [animals bought with] unconsecrated money, and thanksgiving offerings, from [animals bought with] tithe money. This section deals with hol hamoed, the middle of the week of Sukkot and Pesah. Burnt-offerings, the pilgrimage offerings, which are obligatory, must be brought with animals purchased with unconsecrated money. This is the same rule as for all mandatory offerings they may not be purchased with tithe money. Celebratory thanksgiving offering, brought during the middle of the festival are not obligatory as are the other festival offerings. A person has to eat meat during the week and while it was customary to use thanksgiving offerings, it was not mandated. Since this sacrifice wasn’t mandated, one can use tithe money to purchase it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
ובה"א מן המעשר – In the Gemara, an objection is raised: why is this a matter that is obligatory? Since everything that is an obligation, does not come other than from non-sacred [animals]. And it responds that one combines [from two different monetary sources] (see Talmud Hagigah 8a) – that he combines Second Tithe monies with the [monies used to purchase the Festival offering/Pilgrim’s offering for] non-sacred animals and brings it [to the Temple]. If he has [with him] many “consumers” (i.e., people who need to eat), and he does not have sufficient with one animal, he brings one animal for the Festival offering from the non-sacred [animals], and the rest comes from the Second Tithe monies, and even though all of comes [for sacrifice] on the First Day of Yom Tov, the “name” of Hagigah/Festival offering is upon them. Nevertheless, the School of Hillel holds that it is permissible to bring the rest from the [Second] Tithe since he has already fulfilled his religious obligation on the First Day from the non-sacred [animals].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
On the first festival day of Pesah: Bet Shammai say: [they must be brought] from [animals bought with] unconsecrated money. And Bet Hillel say: [they can be brought also] from [animals bought with] tithe money. On the first day of both Pesah and Sukkot, and on Shavuot, the thanksgiving offering, the hagigah, is obligatory. Since it is a mandated offering, Bet Shammai holds that it must come from animals purchased with unconsecrated money. Bet Hillel holds that one can still use tithe money because the hagigah is partially eaten by its owners. The Torah states that second tithe must be used to purchase food and the hagigah is food. According to the Talmud, second tithe cannot be used to purchase the whole animal, because some of the animal is offered on the altar. It may only be used as part of the purchasing price.
