אַלְמָנָה, בֵּין מִן הָאֵרוּסִין בֵּין מִן הַנִּשּׂוּאִין, מוֹכֶרֶת שֶׁלֹּא בְּבֵית דִּין. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, מִן הַנִּשּׂוּאִין, מוֹכֶרֶת שֶׁלֹּא בְּבֵית דִּין. מִן הָאֵרוּסִין, לֹא תִמְכֹּר אֶלָּא בְּבֵית דִּין, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאֵין לָהּ מְזוֹנוֹת, וְכָל שֶׁאֵין לָהּ מְזוֹנוֹת, לֹא תִמְכֹּר אֶלָּא בְּבֵית דִּין:
Uma viúva, tanto do noivado [nesse caso, ela não é alimentada (da propriedade da herança) e ela vende sua kethubah], tanto do casamento [no qual ela vende (da propriedade da herança) como alimento], vende não antes de beth-din. [Isto é, não diante de um monte de especialistas. Mas, em qualquer caso, ela deve vender antes de três especialistas na avaliação da terra.] R. Shimon diz: Do casamento, [no qual ela vende (propriedade) por comida], ela não vende antes de beth-din, [ pois ela não pode se sentar e sofrer até encontrar um beth-din, mas] do noivado [onde sua venda é apenas para (a coleção do) kethubah], ela vende apenas antes de beth-din. [A halachá não está de acordo com R. Shimon.]
Tosefta Ketubot
A widow who claims her ketubah, but the inheritors [of her husband] say to her: "You received your ketubah [already]!"—until she is [re]married, they need to bring evidence that she received her ketubah; once she is [re]married, she needs to bring evidence that she did not receive her ketubah. If she sold her ketubah, used her ketubah as a pledge [for a loan that goes to the creditor in the meantime], used her ketubah as a security [on a loan but that remains with her]—she loses her financial support. Rabbi Shimon says: Even if she sold some [of her ketubah], even if she made some of it as a pledge or some of it as a deposit—she loses her financial support. One doesn't need to say [that this applies] after her husband's death, but even during her husband's lifetime [if she did these things to her ketubah, she would lose her right to financial support after his death]. But [her losing her financial support only applies if] she writes [in the contract dealing with her ketubah] "These I sold for my ketubah, these I sold for my financial support"—words of Rabbi Yehudah. Rabbi Yoseh says: [It applies only] if she sold and wrote without specification; that's why her legal power is stronger [that most of the time the inheritors have to bring the evidence].
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
