Se alguém come terumah de chametz em Pessach sem querer [se ele estava involuntariamente em relação ao terumah, mesmo que ele estivesse invocando em relação ao chametz], ele paga o diretor e um quinto, [mesmo que seja proibido obter prazer de chametz em Pessach, e não vale nada. Pois em relação a quem come terumah sem querer, está escrito (Levítico 22:14): "E ele dará ao Cohein a coisa santa"— algo que pode se tornar santo —não dinheiro, mas fruta. E o que é pago se torna terumah, de modo que não é o valor monetário que está sendo pago.] (Se ele o comer) conscientemente, [Se ele estivesse se interessando em relação ao terumah, mesmo que não o fizesse em relação ao chametz ], ele está isento de pagamento e do valor da madeira. [Se fosse terumah impuro, ele não paga o valor da madeira, que pode ser usada como combustível para cozinhar. Pois, se ele estava pensando em relação ao terumah, ele é como qualquer outro ladrão e paga dinheiro, em relação ao valor e não em relação à quantidade. Mas o chametz em Pessach não tem valor, pois o benefício não pode ser derivado, e também é proibido como combustível, de modo que ele não causou perdas (para o Cohein).]
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
בשוגג – he erred inadvertently regarding Terumah/priest’s due even as he erred wittingly regarding leavened products.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
Introduction
This mishnah deals with a non-priest who eats on Pesah terumah which is also chametz. The case is either one in which before Pesah he separated terumah from his chametz or that he separated terumah from his matzah on Pesah and it became chametz.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
משלם קרן וחומש – and even though it is forbidden to derive benefit from leavened products on Passover, and is not worth anything, because that when one eats priest’s due inadvertently, it is written (Leviticus 22:14): “[but if a man eats of a sacred donation unwittingly,] he shall pay the priest for the sacred donation, [adding one-fifth of its value],” something that is worthy of being holy, and he does not pay him money, but rather produce, and the payment becomes priest’s due, therefore, we do not follow after the money.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
One who unwittingly eats terumah chametz on Pesah must repay [to a priest] the principal plus a fifth. If he eats this terumah chametz unwittingly, he is liable for what one is normally liable to pay when a non-priest eats terumah. He must repay the value of the terumah and an added fifth to a priest (see Leviticus 22:14). Even though it was forbidden for him to derive benefit from the chametz on Pesah and therefore it is as if the chametz is not worth anything, still he makes restitution based on the size of the terumah that he ate and not its monetary value. The chametz may not have any value but it has size.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
במזיד – that he wittingly [ate] priest’s due, even if he erred inadvertently regarding leavened products, he is exempt from payment.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
Intentionally, he is exempt from payment and from [liability for] its value as fuel. Normally speaking, when not Pesah, one who intentionally eats terumah is liable to repay the value of the terumah which he ate. He is treated like a robber, who pays the value of that which he robbed. Since the chametz terumah is worthless on Pesah a Jew cannot derive any benefit from it he is not liable for anything. The mishnah goes on to say he is not even liable for the value of the terumah chametz had it been used as fuel, since on Pesah not only is eating the chametz prohibited, but deriving any benefit from it is as well.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
ומדמי עצים – if the priest’s due was ritually impure, he does not pay the cost of wood that would have been appropriate to burn underneath his dish, for [when one eats] priest’s due wittingly, he is not other than a mere thief, and he pays money according to the value and not according to the measurement, but Hametz/leavened products on Passover are not monetary for they are prohibited to derive benefit [from it], and even to burn it is not appropriate and he has not lost anything.
