Beth Shammai diz: A (oferta) de "ver" (re'iah) é duas de prata (moedas). [Um adulto que vem "ver" deve trazer um holocausto, viz. (Êxodo 23:15): "Meu rosto não será visto de mãos vazias". A oferta pode custar nada menos que duas ma'ah de prata, que é o peso de trinta e dois grãos de cevada de prata refinada], e a oferta do festival (chagigah) [ofertas de paz do festival, viz. (Êxodo 12:14): "E você o celebrará como um festival para o Senhor"; isto é, traga ofertas de paz para festivais. Eles podem custar nada menos que] uma ma'ah de prata. E mesmo que não haja valor fixo para a oferta de "ver" e a oferta festiva, está escrito (Deuteronômio 16:17): "Cada homem, de acordo com o presente de sua mão", os sábios estabelecem um limite inferior abaixo o que não pode acontecer.] Beth Hillel diz: A oferta de "ver", uma ma'ah de prata; a oferta do festival, dois. [Pois (partes de) as ofertas de paz vão ao Alto, aos sacerdotes e aos proprietários, respectivamente, pelo que são mais caras do que as ofertas queimadas, que são inteiramente (queimadas) no Alto. E além do holocausto de "ver" e das ofertas de paz festivas mencionadas em nossa Mishnah, eles também tiveram que trazer um tipo diferente de oferta de paz chamada "ofertas pacíficas de alegria" (shalmei simchah), viz. (Ibid. 27: 7): "E matarás ofertas pacíficas e as comerás ali, e te alegrarás etc." Essas ofertas pacíficas de alegria não são mencionadas aqui e os sábios não lhes atribuíram uma quantia fixa. E as mulheres são obrigadas neles como os homens, as mulheres sendo obrigadas a se regozijar (no festival), viz. (Ibid. 14:26): "E você se alegrará, você e sua família."]
Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
הראיה שתי כסף – an adult who comes to be seen [in the Temple during the Three Pilgrimage Festivals] must bring a burnt offering, as it states (Exodus 23:15): “and none shall appear before Me empty-handed” (though the same connotation is found in Deuteronomy 16:16 – “…They shall not appear before the LORD empty-handed.”), which is not less than two silver MAOT, which are the weight of thirty-two globules/stones from purified silver.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Introduction
In this mishnah the two houses debate the minimum value of the pilgrimage offering and the hagigah offering. These two offerings were explained in the introduction to the tractate.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
וחגיגה – festival peace-offerings, as the Torah states (Exodus 12:14): “[This day shall be to you one of remembrance:] you shall celebrate it as a festival to the LORD [throughout the ages]….,” that is to say, they brought festival peace-offerings, none less than a silver M’AH, and even though there is no fixed measure for “appearing” and for the festival offering, as it is written (Deuteronomy 16:17): “But each with his own gift, [according to the blessing that the LORD your God has bestowed upon you],” the Sages gave them a lower fixed measure, that he should not bring less than this.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Bet Shammai say: the pilgrimage-offering (re’eyah) must be worth [at least] two pieces of silver and the hagigah one piece (ma’ah) of silver. But Bet Hillel say: the pilgrimage-offering must be worth [at least] one ma'ah of silver and the hagigah two pieces of silver. The pilgrimage offering is an olah, a wholly burnt offering, whereas the hagigah is a shelamim, a thanksgiving offering, part eaten by the priests, part by its owners and part offered on the altar. According to Bet Shammai the sacrifice that is completely for God, the pilgrimage offering, is the more expensive offering. If we extrapolate, we might say that when a person has a limited budget, he should spend more on God than on himself. Bet Hillel holds the opposite the hagigah offering, eaten by people, is to be the more expensive offering. Extrapolating again, Bet Hillel seems to put humans at the center, focusing on enriching their religious experience by providing them more food.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
הראיה מאה כסף וחגיגה שתי כסף – for peace-offerings have in them for God and the Kohanim and their owners, therefore they are more plentiful than burnt-offerings, which lack in them other than for the All-High (God), and except for the burnt-offering of appearance and the festival peace-offerings that are mentioned in our Mishnah, they also had to bring an additional other kind of peace-offering, and they are called peace-offerings of rejoicing, as it is written (Deuteronomy 27:7): “And you shall sacrifice there offerings of well-being and eat them, rejoicing [before the LORD your God].” But the peace-offerings of rejoicing (called “offerings of well-being” in the Torah) are not mentioned here [in the Mishnah]. And the Sages did not give them a particular [required] measure. But women are obligated in them as are men, for as regards “rejoicing,” women were commanded, as is it written (Deuteronomy 14:26): “…And you shall feast there, [in the presence of the LORD your God,] and rejoice with your household.”
