Komentarz do Menachot 12:3
הֲרֵי עָלַי מִנְחָה מִן הַשְּׂעֹרִין, יָבִיא מִן הַחִטִּים. קֶמַח, יָבִיא סֹלֶת. בְּלֹא שֶׁמֶן וּלְבוֹנָה, יָבִיא עִמָּהּ שֶׁמֶן וּלְבוֹנָה. חֲצִי עִשָּׂרוֹן, יָבִיא עִשָּׂרוֹן שָׁלֵם. עִשָּׂרוֹן וּמֶחֱצָה, יָבִיא שְׁנָיִם. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן פּוֹטֵר, שֶׁלֹּא הִתְנַדֵּב כְּדֶרֶךְ הַמִּתְנַדְּבִים:
Jeśli powiedział: „Przyjmuję na siebie ofiarę zbożową z jęczmienia”, może przynieść ją z pszenicy. „Z mąki” może to przynieść z drobnej mąki. „Bez oliwy i kadzidła”, może przynieść je z oliwą i kadzidłem. „Tylko pół issarona ”, może przynieść pełny issaron . „Półtora esronima ”, musi przynieść dwa. Rabin Szymon zwalnia go, ponieważ złożył przysięgę [ofiary] w sposób, w jaki [zwykle] ślubują ludzie.
Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
הרי עלי מנחה מן השעורים יביא מן החטים – for the free-will offerings of meal offerings do not come other than from wheat, and as for example that he said, “Had I known that we don’t bring a meal-offering from barley, I would not have made a votive offering other than from wheat.” But if he said, “I would not vow anything,” he is not liable for anything.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
Introduction
A minhah must consist of a tenth of an ephah of fine wheat flour. It must be accompanied by oil and frankincense. Our mishnah discusses what happens if one vows to bring a minhah that does not fulfill all of these requirements.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
יביא סלת – as it is written (Leviticus 2:1): “[When a person presents an offering of grain to the LORD,] his offering shall be of choice flour.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
[If one said,] “I take upon myself to bring a minhah of barley,” he must bring one of wheat. A minhah must come from wheat, not barley. If he vows to bring a barley minhah, he must bring one of wheat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
ר' שמעון פוטר – Rabbi Shimon holds that a person is made responsible for the his concluding words, for since he concluded his words not in accordance with the law of the meal-offering, he is not liable for anything. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon (see Talmud Menahot 103b).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
“Of coarse flour,” he must bring it of fine flour. Similarly, if he vows to bring it from coarse flour, he must bring it from fine flour.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
“Without oil and without frankincense,” he must bring it with oil and frankincense. He must bring the minhah in its normal fashion, with oil and frankincense.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
“Half a tenth,” he must bring a whole tenth. If he tries to bring less than the prescribed amount, he must bring the prescribed amount.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
“A tenth and a half,” he must bring two. If he tries to bring 1 ½ tenths, what he has really done is vowed to bring one minhah and a half of a minhah. Since one can’t bring half of a minhah he must bring two full menahot.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
Rabbi Shimon declares him exempt, because he did not make his offering in the manner in which people usually make their offerings. Rabbi Shimon says that the person is not liable to bring a minhah at all. His vow to bring a minhah does not count, since he didn’t promise to make the offering in the way it is normally made.
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