Un œuf ne peut pas être placé [le jour du sabbat] à côté du meicham [une bouilloire en cuivre dans laquelle l'eau est chauffée sur le feu] pour qu'il soit "roulé" [c'est-à-dire pour qu'il soit rôti sur des foulards. [Il ne peut être brisé pour être rôti sur une écharpe chauffée au soleil; car nous décrétons (c'est-à-dire interdisons) les (résultats) du soleil en raison de celui-ci du feu.] R. Yossi le permet. [Il soutient que nous ne décrétons pas la communication du soleil en raison de la mention du feu. La halakha n'est pas conforme à R. Yossi.] Et il ne peut pas l'enterrer dans le sable ou dans la poussière des routes [qui a été chauffée par le soleil] pour la rôtir. [Et dans ce cas, R. Yossi ne le permet pas, le sable étant condamné à cause des braises. Car puisque ce sont deux formes de «stockage», il pourrait en venir à dire: «Quelle différence cela fait-il que ce soit de la braise ou du sable?». Ou il se peut que R. Yossi décrète de peur de déplacer le sable de sa place. Car il n'y aurait peut-être pas assez de sable là-bas et il pourrait venir déplacer de la terre compacte, ce qui est un mot de «labour»].
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
One cannot give on Shabbat
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah discusses cooking eggs in ways that might not be considered to really be cooking.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ביצה בצד המיחם – a copper kettle in which they heat up water on top of the fire.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
They may not place an egg at the side of a boiler for it to be lightly roasted and one must not break it into a [hot] cloth. And Rabbi Yose permits it. Placing an egg next to a hot boiler will not suffice to really cook the egg, but it can lightly roast it, perhaps like a soft-boiled egg. Similarly, putting the egg into a hot cloth can make it lightly cooked. The first opinion in the mishnah holds that these actions are considered cooking and are therefore prohibited. Rabbi Yose holds that this is not cooking and is hence permitted.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
שתתגלגל – that it will roast a bit until it becomes roasted/rounded, that is to say, mixed.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
And one may not put it away in hot sand or road dust for it to be roasted. Burying the egg in hot sand or dust will really cook it and hence even Rabbi Yose agrees that it is prohibited.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ולא יפקיענה בסודרין – he should not crack it on wrapping that was warmed by the sun in order that it be roasted by it, for we decreed that derivatives of the sun are because of the derivatives of the heat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ור"י מתיר – for he holds that we do not make the decree that the derivatives of the sun are because of the derivatives of the heat and the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yosi.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
לא יטמיננה בחול ובאבק דרכים – that were warmed by the power of the sun and in that, Rabbi Yosi did not permit, for he decreed that the sand are because of the hot ashes/embers for since both of them were through putting a dish in a warm place or under covers to keep it warm for the Sabbath (Talmud Shabbat 39a), they will come to say – what is the difference between hot ashes and sand. Alternatively, Rabbi Yosi decreed lest he move the ashes dust from its place lest the sand there will not be removed according to its need, and he will come to move the attached dust and that is a derivative of ploughing.
