Une fois, les hommes de Tibériade ont placé un tuyau d'eau froide dans un conduit d'eau chaude [venant des sources chaudes de Tibériade, de sorte que l'eau froide était chauffée par le chaud.] Les sages leur ont dit: Si le jour du sabbat, comme l'eau chaude chauffée le jour du sabbat, [c'est-à-dire que l'état de l'eau qui coule à travers ce tuyau le jour du sabbat est celui de l'eau chaude qui était chauffée le jour du sabbat], à savoir: Il est interdit de s'y laver [même un petit limb] et il est [également] interdit de le boire. [Et le statut de l'eau qui la traverse] lors d'un festival est celui de l'eau chaude qui était chauffée lors d'un festival. Il est interdit de laver [tout le corps] dedans, mais il est permis de se laver le visage, les mains et les pieds], et il est permis de le boire. [La halakha est conforme aux sages. (Les hommes de Tibériade ont fait un revirement et ont cassé la pipe.)] On peut boire dans un moliar éraflé le jour du sabbat. [("moliar" :) La gemara explique: De l'eau à l'intérieur, des charbons à l'extérieur. C'est un récipient avec un petit réceptacle attaché à sa paroi extérieure dans lequel sont placés les charbons et l'eau dans le grand réceptacle. S'il était gratté de charbon pendant qu'il faisait encore jour, il est permis de boire de l'eau dans le grand récipient le jour du sabbat, même si elle est quelque peu réchauffée par le récipient. Car elle n'ajoute pas de chaleur, mais la conserve seulement pour que le contenu ne refroidisse pas.] On ne peut pas boire dans un antichi, même s'il a été gratté. [L'antichi est un récipient en cuivre à deux surfaces. L'eau est placée au-dessus, et le feu en dessous, entre les deux surfaces, sa chaleur étant ainsi longtemps conservée. De sorte que même si les charbons sont grattés la veille du sabbat, l'eau est chauffée le jour du sabbat, raison pour laquelle il est interdit d'en boire le jour du sabbat.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
סלון – a pipe that conducts the water in it and this pipe/duct was sunk in the hot springs of Tiberias and warmed from the power of those warm waters, and when the cold waters were drawn into it, they are warmed by that pipe/duct that was warmed by the hot springs of Tiberias, and the Sages said that the waters that were drawn into it that pipe on Shabbat, there law is like the law of waters that were warmed on Shabbat – that it is forbidden to bathe in them even a small limb and it is forbidden even for drinking, but the waters that pass through them on a Jewish holy day/Yom Tov, their law is like the law of hot waters that were heated on Yom Tov – that is forbidden to bathe one’s entire body in them, but it is permitted to wash one’s face, hands and feet in them, but drinking is permitted, and the Halakha is according to the Sages. The men of Tiberias retracted and broke the duct/pipe.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah discusses heating water on Shabbat.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
מוליאר – They explained in the Gemara (Tractate Shabbat 41a and Rashi’s commentary) – water from inside and coals from outside and it is a utensil that has a small receptacle near its wall from the outside which is attached to it, and they place there the coals and water in the large receptable on the Sabbath, and even though it warmed a bit from the warmth of the utensil, because it does not add vapor, but preserves and maintains their heat that it not become cold.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
It once happened that the people of Tiberias conducted a pipe of cold water through an arm of the hot springs. The sages said to them: if this happened on the Shabbat, it is like hot water heated on the Shabbat, and is forbidden both for washing and for drinking; If on a festival, it is like water heated on a festival, which is forbidden for washing but permitted for drinking. In Tiberias before Shabbat the people set up a pipe of cold water to flow through the hot springs so that the water in the pipe would heat up on Shabbat and they would have hot water for drinking and bathing. This is not actually cooking because there is no fire, but it is similar enough to cooking such that this is prohibited on Shabbat. Therefore on Shabbat it is forbidden to use this water for either cooking or washing. On festivals (Yom Tov) it is permitted to cook in order to eat. Therefore, if they did this on the festival they may use the water for drinking, but not for washing. It is not permitted to heat water for washing on a festival.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אנטיכי – it is a copper utensil which has two rims/saucers [at the bottom of the vessel and they place the water above and the fire below between the two saucers and since the fire is below between the two rims/saucers, the heat remains more and even though the coals were raked from the eve of the Sabbath, the water is heated up in it on the Sabbath – therefore we don’t drink from them on Shabbat.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A miliarum which is cleared of its ashes--they may drink from it on Shabbat. A miliarum is a clay vessel for water which has a pipe in it in which they would put hot coals to heat water. One can drink the water from a milarium only if the coals were removed before Shabbat.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
An antiki even if its ashes have been cleared--they may not drink from it. An antiki is a copper pot which has a large place to put coals in it so that the water would get very hot. It retains its heat better than a mililarum. Since it retains its heat so well, it is forbidden to use it on Shabbat even if the coals have been removed before Shabbat.
