Commentaire sur Oktzim 2:1
זֵיתִים שֶׁכְּבָשָׁן בְּטַרְפֵיהֶן, טְהוֹרִים, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא כְבָשָׁן אֶלָּא לְמַרְאֶה. כְּשׁוּת שֶׁל קִשּׁוּת וְהַנֵּץ שֶׁלָּהּ, טְהוֹרָה. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהִיא לִפְנֵי הַתַּגָּר, טְמֵאָה:
En ce qui concerne les olives que l'on a marinées avec leurs feuilles, elles [c'est-à-dire les feuilles] sont pures [et ne sont pas considérées comme servant de poignées ou pour conserver le fruit], car elles n'ont été marinées que pour l'apparence. Les fibres d'une courgette et de sa fleur sont pures. Le rabbin Yehudah dit: tant qu'il est devant le marchand [le vendant], il est impur.
Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
זיתים שכבשן – in wine or vinegar or in other liquids.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
Leaves of olives pickled together with the olives remain clean, for their pickling was only for the sake of appearances. Leaves of olives are not edible. Even if one pickled them with olives, he did so only for appearance sake. Therefore, they are not susceptible to impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
בטרפיהן – with their leaves. The leaf of an olive, we translate in Aramaic as טרף זיתא/the leaf of an olive.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
The fibrous substance on a zucchini and the flower-like substance on it are clean. Rabbi Judah says: that as long as it is still before the merchant, it is unclean. These substances that are on a zucchini are neither edible nor are they handles. Therefore, they are not susceptible to impurity. Rabbi Judah holds that since a merchant wants to sell the zucchini (these are not necessarily identical to modern varieties) in as great of a volume as possible, as long as these are with the merchant, these parts are susceptible to impurity. However, once they are sold they are useless so they are no longer susceptible.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
טהורים – if a creeping reptile/insect touched/came in contact with the leaves, the olives and the leaves are ritually pure, for the leaves are not considered neither a handle nor a protector.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
לפי שלא כבשן- with their leaves.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
אלא למראה – in order that they would look nicer when their leaves are with them, for they appear as if they were newly detached/plucked.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
כשות של קישות (fine hairs/fibers of cucumbers) - when the cucumbers are small, they have a kind of small hair, and it is called כשות/fine hairs/fibers.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
והנץ שלה (its blossom, sprout/flower) – in the mouth of the cucumbers there is like a bit of a long blossom/flower.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
טהורים – for they are not considered neither a handle nor a protector.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
לפני התגר טמאה (before the vendor/travelling merchant) – for it is satisfactory to the vendor with hair and with a blossom, and because of this the cucumbers appear beautiful and it is as if they were newly plucked/detached, and since he wants their preservation, they are considered as a protector for the fruit. Alternatively, because the cucumbers are soft and everyone’s hand touches them to buy them, they are ruined/spoiled if not because that hair protects them from all dirt and filth.
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