Commentaire sur Édouyot 7:2
הֵעִיד רַבִּי צָדוֹק עַל צִיר חֲגָבִים טְמֵאִים, שֶׁהוּא טָהוֹר. שֶׁמִּשְׁנָה רִאשׁוֹנָה, חֲגָבִים טְמֵאִים שֶׁנִּכְבְּשׁוּ עִם חֲגָבִים טְהוֹרִים, לֹא פָסְלוּ צִירָן:
R. Tzaddok a déclaré au sujet de la saumure de criquets impurs qu'elle était propre. Pour une Mishna antérieure (enseignée): Les criquets impurs qui ont été marinés avec des sauterelles propres n'invalident pas leur saumure. [Ils ont été indulgents à l'égard des criquets impurs pour ne pas interdire leur mélange, car ils n'ont pas de sang, mais seulement une sorte d'humidité. Ce fut la première Mishna. Et le témoignage de R. Tzaddok a ajouté à cette Michna pour dire qu'elle est pure. Non seulement il n'interdit pas son mélange, mais il est lui-même propre.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot
לא פסלו את צירן – for they were lenient with the brine of unclean locusts that he doesn’t prohibit their [mixture], because they lack blood and it is only mere moistness, and this was an early version of the Mishnah. But the testimony of Rabbi Tzadok added on to the words of the early version of the Mishnah to state that it is pure, for it was needless to say that he does not forbid this mixture, but rather even this itself is pure.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eduyot
Introduction
According to Leviticus 11:22, it is permitted to eat certain types of locusts. However, there are some types of locusts that are forbidden to eat. In the time of the mishnah people were able to distinguish between permitted and forbidden locusts. Nowadays, we do not know the difference and therefore Jews do not eat locusts. I’m sure we are all deeply disappointed.
Our mishnah discusses the liquid that comes out of locusts when they have been preserved through salting.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eduyot
Rabbi Zadok testified concerning brine of unclean locusts that it is clean, Rabbi Zadok teaches that the liquid that oozes out of unclean locusts when they have been salted is not considered a liquid that makes that with which it comes into contact receptive to impurities. (See Leviticus 11:38). The only liquids that do so are dew, water, wine, oil, blood, milk and bee’s honey (see tractate Makhshirin 6:4). Likewise, it is permitted to drink this liquid, since it is not considered to be the blood of the locust.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eduyot
Whereas the first mishnah [said]: unclean locusts that have been preserved together with clean locusts do not make their brine unfit. The earlier mishnah, which existed before Rabbi Zadok taught something slightly different. It taught that if unclean locusts were preserved, meaning pickled, with clean (edible) locusts, the it is permitted to drink the brine. Rabbi Zadok has added that even the liquid that oozes out of just unclean locusts, and not a mixture, is permitted to drink.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eduyot
Questions for Further Thought:
What is the relationship of Rabbi Zadok to the “first mishnah”?
What is the relationship of Rabbi Zadok to the “first mishnah”?
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