Mishná
Mishná

Talmud sobre Berajot 2:3

הַקּוֹרֵא אֶת שְׁמַע וְלֹא הִשְׁמִיעַ לְאָזְנוֹ, יָצָא. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, לֹא יָצָא. קָרָא וְלֹא דִקְדֵּק בְּאוֹתִיּוֹתֶיהָ, רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר יָצָא, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר לֹא יָצָא. הַקּוֹרֵא לְמַפְרֵעַ, לֹא יָצָא. קָרָא וְטָעָה, יַחֲזֹר לְמָקוֹם שֶׁטָּעָה:

Quien recita el Shema sin hacerse oír, cumple con la obligación. R. Yossi dice: Él no cumple con la obligación. [Porque está escrito (Deuteronomio 6: 4): "Escucha"—Deja que tu oído escuche lo que pronuncia tu boca. Y el primer tanna dice: "Escucha"—en cualquier idioma que esté acostumbrado a escuchar. Y la halajá está de acuerdo con el primer tanna.] Si lo recitó sin ser preciso con sus letras [para enunciarlas claramente, en una instancia de dos palabras donde la segunda palabra comienza con la misma letra con la que termina la primera letra, como en "al levavcha", "esev besadecha", "va'avadetem meherah". Si no deja espacio entre ellos para separarlos, suena como si pronunciara dos letras como una.]—R. Yossi dice: ha cumplido su obligación. [Y la halajá es según R. Yossi. Sin embargo, ab initio, debe enunciar las letras. Del mismo modo, debe tener cuidado de no descansar el sheva móvil y no mover el quiescente, y no debilitar (pronunciando sin un dagesh) una forma fuerte y no fortalecer una débil. Y debe acentuar el zayin de "tizkeru" para que no suene como "tiskeru", es decir, "para que acumule recompensas". Porque no es apropiado servir al Maestro por el bien de la recompensa.] R. Yehudah dice: Él no ha cumplido su obligación. Si uno lo recita en orden invertido [Si recita el tercer verso antes del segundo, el segundo antes del primero y similares], no ha cumplido su obligación [está escrito (Deuteronomio 6: 6): "y estas palabras será "—deberán permanecer en su forma original, es decir, según lo ordenado en la Torá. Sin embargo, si avanza la sección, recitando vayomer antes de vehaya im shamoa, y vehaya im shamoa antes de Shema, parecería que esto no se considera "invertido" y cumple con su obligación; porque no están así dispuestos, uno tras otro, en la Torá.] Si lo recitó y erró, regresa al punto del error. [Si erró entre una sección y otra, sin saber con qué sección se quedó y al principio de qué sección debería regresar, regresa al primer verso, vehaya im shamoa. (Rambam dice: Veahavta eth Hashem.) Y si se detuvo en el medio de una sección, sabiendo qué sección, pero sin saber en qué parte de esa sección la dejó, regresa al comienzo de esa sección. Si recitó "uchethavtam", pero no sabía si era el de Shema o el de vehaya im shamoa, regresa al "uchethavtam" de Shema. Y si tenía dudas después de que comenzó leman yirbu, no regresa, ya que puede confiar en "el hábito de su lengua"].

Jerusalem Talmud Eruvin

HALAKHAH: ““He who finds tefillin,” etc. “He who finds tefillin1Phylacteries, to be worn on weekdays, one on the arm and one on the head. Since they contain passages of Torah (Ex. 13:1–10, 11–16; Deut. 6:4–9, 11:13–21), they are holy and may not be left unprotected lying in the open on the road. Since the rule that phylacteries are muqṣeh and not to be worn on the Sabbath is rabbinic, in case of need the rabbinic restriction is waved; the tefillin may be worn as clothing; bringing them to a safe place in this way is a meritorious act, not a Sabbath desecration. brings them in pair by pair;” as clothing, one on his head and one on his arm. “Rabban Gamliel says, two by two2Even though on weekdays one never wears tefillin this way, since it is possible to wear two pairs simultaneously it is preferable to reduce the number of trips, i. e., the number of violations of rabbinic Sabbath restrictions.,” two on his head and two on his arm.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

Jerusalem Talmud Megillah

Rebbi Abba in the name of Rav Jehudah: if it was made like half a bagel320If a Mezuzah is written in calligraphy in the shape of half-circles one inside the other then the inner arcs are shorter than the outer ones and contain fewer words.. The uppermost line under which are two others must contain at least three words, the middle one two, the lowest one even [on the] earth321Deut. 11:21. The addition by the corrector clearly has to be deleted.. Rebbi Ze`ira in the name of Rav Ḥisda: if it was made like a double flute322Greek συμφωνία. It is \_/-shaped, having the two mouth pieces close together but the bodies of the flutes diverging., the uppermost line under which are two others must contain at least three words, the lowest two. The middle one I do not know323Whether it need 2 or 3 words. Therefore 3 certainly are sufficient. The Babli Menaḥot 30b quotes the first Tanna as R. Yose (whom Babylonian practice follows), the second one as R. Jehudah’s.. Rebbi Jeremiah said it: Rebbi Ze`ira in the name of Rav Ḥisda; Rebbi Jonah and Rebbi Yose both say, Rebbi Ze`ura in the name of Ashian bar Nidba; the colleagues say, Rebbi Ze`ira in the name of Rav Ḥananel. If the ink comes out of the holes it is disqualified. What does he do? He licks it off with his tongue and it jells323Whether it need 2 or 3 words. Therefore 3 certainly are sufficient. The Babli Menaḥot 30b quotes the first Tanna as R. Yose (whom Babylonian practice follows), the second one as R. Jehudah’s.. If he made an error and omitted the Name. There are Tannaim who state, he suspends the Name. There are Tannaim who state, he erases the profane, writes the Name, and suspends the profane324If there is a hole in the leather or parchment which is visible once the ink has dried, the letter is incomplete and disqualified. But if the ink when dry covers the hole completely so that the reader will not notice the hole, it is qualified. Babli Šabbat 108a.. Rebbi Ze`ira, Rav Ḥananel in the name of Rav: practice follows him who says, he erases the profane, writes the Name, and suspends the profane. Rebbi Ze`ira, Rav Ḥananel in the name of Rav: but if it was like I am the Eternal your God325Num. 15:41. it is permitted. Why? Because these are three words or because part of it is profane? What is the difference between them? God, Highest Power, Eternal326Jos. 22:22. The situation does not occur in the Pentateuch.. If you are saying because they are three words, they are three words. If you are saying, because part of it is profane, nothing there is profane. For the Eternal is questionable, by the Eternal is questionable327Since it will be stated later that prefixes of the Name may be erased while suffixes may not, the question is whether an erasable prefix has the same status as a profane word preceding the Name..
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Versículo anteriorCapítulo completoVersículo siguiente