Podemos santificar con todos los vasos, incluso con vasos hechos de heces, vasos de piedra y vasos de barro. Y podemos santificarnos en un bote. No santificamos con los lados de los vasos [rotos], ni en las grietas de un machatz [una jarra grande utilizada para extraer agua, que tenía grietas huecas], ni con una tapa de barril [que tenía muescas huecas para las asas], ni con las manos ahuecadas; porque solo llenamos, santificamos y rociamos agua chatat en un recipiente. [Del mismo modo,] un sello hermético solo salva [de la impureza el contenido de] vasos [pero no guarda el contenido de cosas que no se consideran vasos]; y solo los recipientes pueden salvar de [la impureza de] recipientes de barro [en los que están contenidos]. [Los recipientes de barro tienen la propiedad de que solo pueden volverse impuros desde su interior; sin embargo, si se coloca algo impuro en dicho recipiente, cualquier otra cosa dentro del recipiente y el recipiente en sí mismo se vuelven impuros. Sin embargo, si una vasija que no puede volverse impura o una vasija de barro están bien ajustadas con una tapa o 'sello hermético', el interior se considera protegido del exterior y, por lo tanto, las cosas en el interior no pueden volverse impuras. Del mismo modo, si un recipiente sellado está dentro de un recipiente de barro, a pesar del hecho de que un objeto ritualmente impuro colocado en el recipiente de barro hace que todo dentro de él sea impuro, el contenido de un recipiente herméticamente cerrado que es incapaz de volverse impuro, sin embargo, permanece puro. Nuestra mishná afirma que para que se apliquen estas aplicaciones de 'sellado hermético', el contenedor debe calificar como un recipiente.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
בכל הכלים מקדשים – whether of wood, whether of bone, whether of glass, and even with vessels of dung, that are not considered a vessel in regard to defilement, not from the words of the Torah nor from the words of the Scribes, as I is written (Numbers 19:17): “And fresh water shall be added to them in a vessel,” but it is not written, “to the vessel.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
Introduction
Today's mishnah deals with what vessels can used for making the hatat waters.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
מחץ (ladle) – a large earthenware vessel that they call ALMAKHDIR in Arabic. And on one end of it is made in the form of a handle and it the sides of a broken ladle. Such is how Maimonides explained it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
They can make the mixture in all kinds of vessels, even in vessels made of cattle dung, of stone or of earth. All vessels can be used for mixing in the water and ashes, even vessels that cannot become impure, such as those made of dung, stone or earth. We might have thought that something that cannot become impure wouldn't count as a "vessel" and the Torah states that the water must be put into a vessel. Our mishnah counters that notion.[Hard to imagine them actually using vessels made of dung for this ritual, but theoretically, it's possible].
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
ואין מזין אלא בכלי – meaning to say, that the water must be in the vessel at the time of the sprinkling.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
The mixture may also be prepared in a boat. So too a boat cannot become impure. Nevertheless, one can, at least theoretically, put the ashes and water in there.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
אין מצילין – all what is inside it [is protected] from the defilement of the tent of corpse through a tightly fitting cover, except [whole] vessels.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
It may not be prepared in the walls of vessels, or in the sides of a large jug, or in the stopper of a jar, or in one's cupped hands, for one does not fill up, or mix in, or sprinkle the hatat with anything but a vessel. However, there are things that can hold water that don't count as vessels. The first is the wall of a broken vessel, or the side of a large broken jug. Even though these pieces of earthenware can hold water, they cannot be used because they are not considered vessels. The stopper of a jar cannot be used even if it has a receptacle (see 9:1) because it is not considered a vessel. Finally, one's hands do not count as a vessel.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
שאין מצילין מאויר כלי חרס אלא כלים – that if a creeping reptile would fall into the airspace of an earthenware vessel, everything that is within it is impure even though it did not come in contact with them, except for utensils that are not defiled from the airspace of an earthenware vessels, as it is written (Leviticus 11:33-34): “[And if any of those falls into an earthen vessel,] everything inside it shall be impure…as to any food that may be eaten,” food and liquids become defiled from the airspace of earthenware vessels, but utensils/vessels are not defiled from the airspace of earthenware vessels.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
Only on a vessel does tightly fitting cover afford protection, for only in vessels is protection afforded against uncleanness within an earthen vessel. Earthenware vessels that have a tightly fitting lid protect their contents from impurity. For instance, if a vessel with food in it is in an oven with an impure thing such as a sheretz, the food remains pure (see Kelim 8:3). However, this only applies if the food is in a vessel. Non-vessels do not protect their contents in the same way.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
שאין מצילין – like, and they do not protect/ואין מצילין , and an example of this is at the beginning of the first chapter of [Tractate] Betza [8a] that the ashes of a portable stove on feet with caves for two pots is prepared, and Rabbah stated in the Gemara (Tractate Betza 8a), that this is what he said, that the ashes of a portable stove on feet with caves for two pots is ready/prepared.
