Der Superintendent [der Adjutant des Hohepriesters] sagte zu ihnen: "Geh hinaus [auf einen hohen Platz im Tempel] und schau, ob die Zeit des Schlachtens gekommen ist, [das Schlachten ist nachts pasul (ungeeignet), es wird geschrieben ( 3. Mose 19: 6): "An dem Tag, an dem du schlachtest usw."] Wer es sieht, sagt: "Barkai!" [Der Morgen hat geleuchtet (hivrik).] Matitya b. Shmuel sagt: (Er sagt :) "Das Gesicht des ganzen Ostens leuchtet." [Dies ist später als das "Barkai" der ersten Tanna. Die Halacha entspricht Matitya b. Shmuel.] [Diejenigen, die unten stehen, fragen: "Hat das Licht erreicht] bis Chevron? "Und er sagt:" Ja. "[Dies, um sich auf das Verdienst der Patriarchen zu berufen (die in Chevron begraben sind)].
Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
אמר להם הממונה – he is the assistant.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yoma
Introduction
Our mishnah begins to describe the services performed in the Temple on Yom Kippur. The first thing done was to establish that it was light enough outside to slaughter the morning tamid (daily offering). This procedure was followed every day as well.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
צאו וראו – on a high place that they had in the Temple.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yoma
The officer said to them: “Go out and see whether the time for slaughtering [the morning sacrifice] has arrived.” If it had arrived then he who saw it said: “It is daylight!” After the second count, the first thing done was that the officer of the priests would tell another priest to go out and see if dawn had broken. The priest would stand on a high point in the Temple, look out and see if it had yet gotten light. The tamid offering can be offered as soon as it starts to get light, even before sunrise.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
זמן השחיטה – for the slaughtering is invalid at night, as it states (Leviticus 19:6): “It shall be eaten on the day you sacrifice it…”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yoma
Matitya ben Shmuel says: “The whole east is light.” Even unto Hebron? And he answered “Yes.” Matitya ben Shmuel was the officer in charge of the counts done in the Temple (see Shekalim 5:1). He would further interrogate the one who claimed to have seen daybreak. He wanted to know that a substantial portion of the sky had started to become light. The Talmud Yerushalmi explains that he mentions Hebron because that is where the patriarchs and matriarchs are buried. They would begin the day, therefore, by reminding God of the merit accrued to them by virtue of their being descendents of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, as well as Sarah, Rivkah and Leah (Rachel was buried elsewhere).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
ברקאי – the morning shines through and flashes (Talmud Yoma 28b).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
האיר פני המזרח – this time is after the morning star that the first Tanna/teacher mentioned. And the Halakha is according to Mattitya ben Shmuel.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
Until Hebron: Those who are standing below ask him "Has the light reached Hebron?" and he answers, "Yes." Hebron is mentioned in order to invoke the merit of the forefathers.
