Kommentar zu Terumot 1:4
אֵין תּוֹרְמִין זֵיתִים עַל הַשֶּׁמֶן, וְלֹא עֲנָבִים עַל הַיָּיִן. וְאִם תָּרְמוּ, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, תְּרוּמַת עַצְמָן בָּהֶם. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, אֵין תְּרוּמָתָן תְּרוּמָה:
Man darf Terumah nicht von Oliven für Öl und nicht von Trauben für Wein beiseite legen . Wenn man Terumah [von Oliven für Öl oder Trauben für Wein] beiseite gelegt hat, regiert die Schule von Shammai , dass ihre eigene Terumah [die von den Trauben oder dem Wein verlangt wurde] unter ihnen ist, und die Schule von Hillel regiert, dass die eigene Terumah ist nicht [gültig] Terumah .
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
אין תורמין זיתים על השמן – He who has [olive] oil that he is liable to separate from it the [sacred] heave-offering (i.e., the 2% for the Kohen) and olives that he is liable to separate from them the [sacred] heave-offering is not able to give from [sacred] heave-offering from the olives according to the measure that he has to donate for the olives and the oil [together], and to be exempt from [donating] the oil with the heave-offering of the olives, as it is written (Numbers 18:27): “[This shall be accounted to you as your gift.] As with the new grain from the threshing floor [or the flow from the vat],” – from what is completed [you donate as heave-offering] for what is completed but you do not [donate as heave-offering] from what is not complete on what is complete.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Introduction
Our mishnah teaches that one should not take terumah from something that has not been completely processed for a product from the same type of produce that has already been processed.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ואם תרם בית שמאי אומרים: תרומת עצמן יש להן – that is to say, there is no [sacred] heave-offering here, other than only on the olives, but not on the oil.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
They should not take terumah from olives for oil, or from grapes for wine. One should not take terumah from olives or grapes (unprocessed) in order to exempt oil or wine (processed). In such a case where one has olives and olive oil, or grapes and wine, he must take the terumah from the oil or the wine in order to make these products permitted for consumption.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ובית הלל אומרים: אינה תרומה – for since he had the intention of donating [the heave-offering/priest’s due] also on the oil, there is no Terumah/heave-offering – neither on the olives nor on the oil, and it is as if he had not donated the [sacred] heave-offering at all.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
If one did: Bet Shammai says: there is terumah in [the olives or grapes] themselves. If, despite the rule in section one, one does take terumah from the olives or grapes in order to exempt the oil or wine, Bet Shammai holds that there is terumah in the olives and oil that he separated, although they are not completely terumah. These olives and grapes must be treated with the sanctity of terumah mixed with non-sacred produce. However, the wine and oil are still considered as if terumah has not been separated from them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
But Bet Hillel says: the terumah is not terumah. According to Bet Hillel, the grapes and olives he declared to be terumah are not terumah at all.
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