Wasser kann auf Hefe gegeben werden, damit sie geklärt werden. [Am Schabbat kann Wasser auf Hefe gegeben werden, die dort vor dem Schabbat gelegt worden war, damit die Hefe geräumt wird und ihr ganzer Wein herausfließt. Eine andere Interpretation: Wasser kann auf die im Fass verbleibende Hefe gegeben werden, damit es den Geschmack des Weins aufnimmt, und am Schabbat eingenommen und getrunken werden. Und hier gibt es kein Problem mit dem Bohrer.] Und Wein kann durch Schals gefiltert werden [um weiße Mehlsubstanzen zu entfernen, die sich darin ansammeln]. Und es gibt keinen Grund, (dagegen) zu entscheiden, dass er die Schals nicht auswringt, da sie ausschließlich für diesen Zweck verwendet werden. Man muss jedoch darauf achten, mit seinen Händen keine Art Deklination im Schal über dem Gefäß zu bilden, damit der Wein hineinkommt, damit die Aktivität nicht so ausgeführt wird, wie sie an einem Wochentag ist.] Und (Wein kann gefiltert werden) durch einen Kefifah Mitzrith [einen Korb aus Palmenzweigen. Dies, solange es nicht mehr als ein Tefach höher als der Boden des Gefäßes darunter ist, damit es kein temporäres Zelt bildet.] Und ein Ei darf in einen Senffilter gelegt werden. [Sie würden ein geschlagenes Ei in trübe Materie legen, um es aufzuhellen und zu klären.] Und es ist erlaubt, am Schabbat Ainomlin [eine Mischung aus Wein, Honig und Pfeffer] herzustellen. R. Yehudah sagt: Am Schabbat in einem Kos (einer Tasse); auf einem Festival, in einem Lagin [größer als ein Kos und kleiner als ein Chavith]; an den Zwischentagen eines Festivals in einem Chavith. R. Tzaddok sagt: Alles nach der (Anzahl) der Gäste. [Wenn es viele Gäste gibt, macht er viel, ob am Schabbat, am Fest oder am Zwischentag. Die Halacha entspricht der ersten Tanna, damit man am Schabbat so viel Ainomlin machen kann, wie er möchte.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
נותנין מים – [the pour water] on the Sabbath on top of the sediment that is placed in the strainer/filter in order that they will dilute them so that the sediment will be clear and that all their wine will flow. Another explanation: on top of the sediment that remains in the barrel, and the water retains the taste of the wine and they release it on the Sabbath and drink it, and there is nothing in this of [the prohibition of] "בורר" /sifting.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah continues to deal with straining things on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
את היין – because of the white flour that exists in it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
One may pour water over lees in order to clarify them; There are two explanations for this section. The first is that the lees of the wine are on the bottom of the strainer and that one may pour water over them so that the wine will flow through the strainer. While pouring the unfilterd wine over the strainer was forbidden, this is permitted. The second explanation is that the lees are on the bottom of a jug. One may pour water into the jug so that the lees will mix with the water and make a weak wine mixture.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
בסודרין – that are uniquely designed for this and we should not decree lest that he is “pressing out”/ “wringing out,” for they are made for this labor, so that it doesn’t have to be done by hand with a kerchief like a bulrush in the utensil in order the wine will descend down a declivity, so that he will not do it as he would on a weekday.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
and one may strain wine through cloths and through a basket made of palm twigs; This section allows wine to be passed through either a special cloth or basket to help clarify it. The question which we must ask is what makes this different from the previous mishnah where the sages were more stringent regarding pouring wine through a strainer? According to some commentators, this cloth or basket was already set up before Shabbat. Furthermore, there is no problem of “selecting” here because this wine is drinkable even if it isn’t passed through these secondary strainers. Others explain that this is permitted because it is not the usual way of straining and things are often more permissible if they are done differently on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ובכפיפה מצרית – a basket made of the bands made of palm-bark so that the basket should not be higher than the bottom of the lowest utensil by a handbreadth, so that the tent is not made temporary.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
and one may place an egg in a mustard strainer; This refers to breaking an egg into a strainer which has mustard already in it. This is done so that the mustard will receive some of the color from the egg. It is not a prohibited act of “selecting” because even though the yoke will remain in the strainer, it is still edible. “Selecting” refers to taking waste away from edible parts and not separating a food into two different edible parts.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ונותנין ביצה במסננת – that they placed in it mustard to be filtered for it is customary to place a scrambled egg in decaying things and they become whitened and clear through this.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
and one may make anumlin on Shabbat. Rabbi Judah says: on Shabbat [it may only be made] in a cup; on festivals, in a jug; and on the intermediate days of festivals in a barrel. Rabbi Zadok says: it all depends on the [number of] guests. “Anumlin” is a mixture of wine, honey and pepper. This mixture can be made on Shabbat because there is no prohibited labor involved in preparing it. However, the rabbis debate how much can be made. According to Rabbi Judah, on Shabbat she can prepare only a cup’s worth at a time, because more than that is considered to be too much labor to do on Shabbat. On a festival she can make slightly more, a jug’s worth and on the intermediate days of the festival, when work is most permitted, she can make a barrel’s worth. For Rabbi Judah the operative criterion is how much work is involved. In contrast, for Rabbi Zadok the operative criterion is how many guests are in attendance. No matter what the day, she can only make enough anumlin for the guests who are there. She may not prepare anything to be used at some later date.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ינומולין – wine, honey and peppers.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
לגין – lager than a cup and smaller than a barrel.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
הכל לפי האורחין – if he will have many guests, he makes a lot whether on Shabbat, on the Jewish holy day or during the Intermediate Days of the Festival, and the Halakha is according to the first Tanna/teacher that we make wine mixed with honey [and pepper] according to what they want.
