(Wenn einer zu seinem Nachbarn sagte :) "Ich bin dir ein Schatz" [Von mir zu profitieren ist dir als Schatz verboten (dediziertes Eigentum) —du darfst nicht von mir profitieren], der Geliebte ist verboten [auch wenn er nicht mit "Amen" geantwortet hat; denn man kann seinem Freund verbieten, von ihm zu profitieren.] (Wenn er sagte :) "Du bist mir ein Schatz", [verbietet sich selbst, von seinem Nachbarn zu profitieren], ist der Gelübde verboten. "Ich bin (cherem) für dich und du bist (cherem) für mich", sind beide verboten. Und sie dürfen beide mit dem, was für diejenigen gilt, die aus Bavel kommen [wie zum Beispiel einen Brunnen für diejenigen, die zu den Festen kommen. Denn sie würden zu den Festen von Bavel nach Eretz Israel kommen. Der Brunnen befand sich mitten auf dem Weg, und ganz Israel konnte ihn nutzen, da er als hefker (besitzerlos) und nicht als etwas im gemeinsamen Besitz war.] Und es ist ihnen verboten, was zu dieser Stadt gehört.
Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
הריני עליך חרם – my benefit will be forbidden upon you like a חרם/property designated for sacred use only (or like excommunication) that you wil not be able to benefit from me.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
Introduction
The point of this mishnah is to teach the status of people who may not benefit from one another vis a vis public property. There are two types of public property mentioned in our mishnah and explained in the following mishnah. The first is property which belongs to the people of a given city and the second is property which belongs to all of Israel. Included in the latter category are wells dug by pilgrims from Babylonia coming up to Jerusalem. Hence, the last category is called “things which belong to those who came up from Babylonia”.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
המודר אסור – even though he did not answer “Amen.” For a person can forbid upon his fellow that he will not benefit from him.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
[If a man says to his neighbor] “Behold, I am herem to you” the opposite party is forbidden [to derive benefit from the one who swore]. “Behold, you are herem to me” the one who swore is forbidden. “Behold, I am [herem] to you, and you are [herem] to me”, both are forbidden. The first section of the mishanh basically teaches an additional way in which people may prohibit others from benefiting from themselves, or prohibit themselves from benefiting from others. Each may declare himself “herem” forbidden property, to the other, or the other “herem” to himself. In such a way Reuven may prohibit Shimon from benefiting from him, and he may prohibit himself from benefiting from Shimon, or he may even do both in the same statement.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
הרי אתה עלי חרם – that he forbid upon himself all benefit that would come to him from his fellow, the person making the vow is forbidden.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
Both are permitted [to enjoy the use of] those things which belong to those who came up from Babylonia [to Jerusalem], but are forbidden [the use of] things that belong to that town. Although they may not benefit from each other, they may each still use “things which belong to those who came up from Babylonia [to Jerusalem]”. Each individual Jew is not considered an owner of these things, or even a partner in their ownership. Rather they belong collectively to the children of Israel. However, town property is owned in partnership by all of the members of the town. Therefore, it is treated like the common courtyard mentioned in mishnayoth one and two. If Reuven and Shimon cannot benefit from one another, then they may not use the commonly owned town property.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
בדבר של עולי בבל – as, for example, the cistern of those who ascend for the Festivals, who would come up from Babylonia to the Land of Israel for the Festival, and that cistern was found in the middle of the path and the hands of all Israel were equal upon it and it was like ownerless, and not like something that belongs to partners.
