Brüder, Partner, die am Tisch ihres Vaters essen und in ihren Häusern schlafen, benötigen für jeden einen Eruv. [Das ist gemeint: Brüder, die am Tisch ihres Vaters essen, und Partner, die an einem Tisch essen. ("am Tisch ihres Vaters essen" :) Nicht unbedingt. Sie nehmen ihr Essen aus dem Haus ihres Vaters und jeder isst es in seinem eigenen Haus. Ebenso arbeiten sie mit Partnern in Partnerschaft mit einem Hausbesitzer, holen ihr Essen von ihm und bringen es zum Essen in ihre Häuser. ("und schlafen in ihren Häusern" :) Und sie und ihr Vater und andere wohnen in einem Hof. ("Sie benötigen für jeden einen Eruv" :) wenn sie mit den Männern ihres Hofes einen Eruv machen wollen.] Wenn einer von ihnen einen Eruv vergessen und nicht gemacht hat, muss er seine Domäne negieren. Wann ist das so? Wenn sie ihren Eruv woanders hinbringen [um ihn in eines der Häuser der anderen im Hof zu stellen. Denn da sie einen Eruv machen müssen und die anderen Bewohner es verbieten, verbieten auch sie es. Und sie müssen alle ein Brot für einen Eruv bereitstellen, da ihre Wohnungen zum Schlafen getrennt sind; Außerdem essen sie nicht buchstäblich am Tisch ihres Vaters, sondern jeder nimmt sein Essen und isst es in seinem Haus.] Aber wenn der Eruv [des gesamten Hofes] zu ihnen kam [dh zum Haus ihres Vaters, waren sie selbst nicht gezwungen, einen Eruv bereitzustellen, das Haus, in dem der Eruv platziert ist, ohne ein Brot zu benötigen], oder wenn keine [anderen] Bewohner mit ihnen im Hof waren, [damit andere sie nicht dazu zwingen, einen Eruv zu machen], tun sie dies keine Eruv erfordern, [denn sie werden als eine angesehen.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
האחין השותפין – this is what he said: the brothers who ate at the table of their father and the partners who eat at one table. But eating at the table of their father is not exact, but rather, they take their food from the house of their father and each one of them eats in his own home. And similarly, the partners perform their labor with one house owner in a partnership and take their food from his house and take it to eat it in their own homes.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Introduction
This mishnah deals with a family that eats in one home but the children have their own homes and sleep there. The question is does the father’s contribution to the eruv count for his children since they eat together or do they each have to individually contribute to the eruv since they live separately.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
וישנים בבתיהם – and they and their father [and others] live in one courtyard.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Brothers or partners who were eating at their father’s table but slept in their own homes must each have an eruv. Since each of these brothers has his own home and lives in that home, they don’t count as part of their father’s household anymore. Each must contribute separately to the eruv.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
צריכין ערוב לכל אחד ואחד – if they want to make an Eruv with the people of their courtyard.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Hence, if any one of them forgot and did not [contribute] to the eruv, he must annul his right to his share in the courtyard. If one of the brother’s did not contribute to the eruv, then he must do the same thing that all people do when one did not contribute to his courtyard’s eruv. He must annul his partial ownership in the courtyard. If he does not do so then all of the other courtyard’s residents may not carry from their homes into the courtyard. Good manuscripts of the Mishnah read “he annulled his share” instead of “he must annul his share”. In this case, the meaning is that we assume that he annulled his share, and not that he had to have done so in actuality.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
מבטל את רשותו – he must resign his possession.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
When does this apply? When they bring their eruv into some other place but if their eruv is deposited with them or if there are no other tenants with them in the courtyard they need not prepare any eruv. The halakhot in the previous two sections apply only when the eruv (the common meal) is not placed in the father’s house and there are other residents in the courtyard besides the brothers and the father. The house in which the eruv is placed does not need to participate in the eruv because the fact that it is in his house and he is letting them put it in his house counts as his participation. Therefore, if the eruv is in the father’s house his children need not participate in paying for the eruv, because they receive their support from their father. Furthermore, if there are no other residents in the courtyard besides the father and his children, then it is all one domain and there is no need for any eruv at all. Think of it this way: the meals that they eat at their father’s home are in essence the same as the eruv they make the entire courtyard into one domain. The word “partners” in the first clause of the mishnah means that the same laws which refer to the father and his children also refers to partners all of whom are receiving their food from one provider. This is a situation exactly parallel to that of the father and the five sons. Rashi and some other commentators did not have this word in the mishnah which was in front of them, but it appears in good manuscripts of the Mishnah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
אימתי בזמן שמוליכין את ערובן – to place in the one of the homes of he other members of the courtyard for since they were in need of an Eruv and the rest of the tenants were forbidden, they also are forbidden, and all of them must place bread in the Eruv, since their tenants are divided up in sleeping courters, and also there is no actual food on the table of their father, but rather each person takes his provisions and eats in his [own] house.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
אבל אם היה ערוב – all of the courtyard goes to the house of the father in order that they will not be in need for the Eruv, for the house where they place the Eruv, there is no need to place bread.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
או שאין עמהן דיורין – other [tenants] who need them for an Eruv, there is no need for an Eruv since they are considered as individuals.
