Beth Shammai sagt: Das (Opfer) des "Sehens" (re'iah) ist zwei Silber (Münzen). [Ein Erwachsener, der zum "Sehen" kommt, muss ein Brandopfer bringen, nämlich. (2. Mose 23, 15): "Mein Gesicht soll nicht mit leeren Händen gesehen werden." Das Opfer darf nicht weniger als zwei Ma'ah Silber kosten, was dem Gewicht von zweiunddreißig Gerstenkörnern aus raffiniertem Silber entspricht, und das Festopfer (Chagigah) [Festfriedensopfer, nämlich. (2. Mose 12, 14): "Und du sollst es als Fest für den Herrn feiern"; das heißt, bringen Sie Friedensangebote für das Festival. Sie dürfen nicht weniger als eine Ma'ah Silber kosten. Und obwohl es keinen festen Betrag für das Opfer des "Sehens" und das Festopfer gibt, wird geschrieben (5. Mose 16,17): "Jeder Mann, gemäß der Gabe seiner Hand", setzen die Weisen eine Untergrenze darunter was es nicht gehen kann.] Beth Hillel sagt: Das Opfer des "Sehens", eine Ma'ah aus Silber; das Festivalangebot, zwei. [Denn (Teile von) den Friedensopfern gehen in die Höhe, zu den Priestern bzw. zu den Eigentümern, weshalb sie teurer sind als die Brandopfer, die vollständig in der Höhe (verbrannt) sind. Und abgesehen von dem Brandopfer des "Sehens" und den in unserer Mischna erwähnten Friedensopfern des Festivals mussten sie auch eine andere Art von Friedensopfer bringen, die "Friedensopfer der Freude" (shalmei simchah) genannt wurde, nämlich. (Ebd. 27: 7): "Und du sollst Friedensopfer schlachten und sie dort essen, und du wirst dich freuen usw." Diese Friedensopfer der Freude werden hier nicht erwähnt und die Weisen haben ihnen keinen festen Betrag zugewiesen. Und Frauen sind in ihnen verpflichtet wie Männer, Frauen sind verpflichtet, sich (auf dem Festival) zu freuen, nämlich. (Ebd. 14:26): "Und du sollst dich freuen, du und dein Haushalt."]
Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
הראיה שתי כסף – an adult who comes to be seen [in the Temple during the Three Pilgrimage Festivals] must bring a burnt offering, as it states (Exodus 23:15): “and none shall appear before Me empty-handed” (though the same connotation is found in Deuteronomy 16:16 – “…They shall not appear before the LORD empty-handed.”), which is not less than two silver MAOT, which are the weight of thirty-two globules/stones from purified silver.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Introduction
In this mishnah the two houses debate the minimum value of the pilgrimage offering and the hagigah offering. These two offerings were explained in the introduction to the tractate.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
וחגיגה – festival peace-offerings, as the Torah states (Exodus 12:14): “[This day shall be to you one of remembrance:] you shall celebrate it as a festival to the LORD [throughout the ages]….,” that is to say, they brought festival peace-offerings, none less than a silver M’AH, and even though there is no fixed measure for “appearing” and for the festival offering, as it is written (Deuteronomy 16:17): “But each with his own gift, [according to the blessing that the LORD your God has bestowed upon you],” the Sages gave them a lower fixed measure, that he should not bring less than this.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Bet Shammai say: the pilgrimage-offering (re’eyah) must be worth [at least] two pieces of silver and the hagigah one piece (ma’ah) of silver. But Bet Hillel say: the pilgrimage-offering must be worth [at least] one ma'ah of silver and the hagigah two pieces of silver. The pilgrimage offering is an olah, a wholly burnt offering, whereas the hagigah is a shelamim, a thanksgiving offering, part eaten by the priests, part by its owners and part offered on the altar. According to Bet Shammai the sacrifice that is completely for God, the pilgrimage offering, is the more expensive offering. If we extrapolate, we might say that when a person has a limited budget, he should spend more on God than on himself. Bet Hillel holds the opposite the hagigah offering, eaten by people, is to be the more expensive offering. Extrapolating again, Bet Hillel seems to put humans at the center, focusing on enriching their religious experience by providing them more food.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
הראיה מאה כסף וחגיגה שתי כסף – for peace-offerings have in them for God and the Kohanim and their owners, therefore they are more plentiful than burnt-offerings, which lack in them other than for the All-High (God), and except for the burnt-offering of appearance and the festival peace-offerings that are mentioned in our Mishnah, they also had to bring an additional other kind of peace-offering, and they are called peace-offerings of rejoicing, as it is written (Deuteronomy 27:7): “And you shall sacrifice there offerings of well-being and eat them, rejoicing [before the LORD your God].” But the peace-offerings of rejoicing (called “offerings of well-being” in the Torah) are not mentioned here [in the Mishnah]. And the Sages did not give them a particular [required] measure. But women are obligated in them as are men, for as regards “rejoicing,” women were commanded, as is it written (Deuteronomy 14:26): “…And you shall feast there, [in the presence of the LORD your God,] and rejoice with your household.”
