Комментарий к Зебахим 8:9
הַנִּתָּנִין לְמַטָּה שֶׁנִּתְעָרְבוּ בַנִּתָּנִין לְמַעְלָה, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, יִתֵּן לְמַעְלָה, וְרוֹאֶה אֲנִי אֶת הַתַּחְתּוֹנִים לְמַעְלָה כְּאִלּוּ הֵן מַיִם, וְיַחֲזֹר וְיִתֵּן לְמָטָּה. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, יִשָּׁפְכוּ לָאַמָּה. וְאִם לֹא נִמְלַךְ וְנָתַן, כָּשֵׁר:
[Если] кровь [которая должна быть] применена ниже [середины алтаря] смешалась с кровью [которая должна быть] применена выше [середины алтаря], раввин Элиэзер говорит: все они должны быть применены выше, и я считаю, что кровь следует наносить ниже, как если бы это была вода; а затем он должен повторить [второе] заявление ниже. И Мудрецы говорят, что они должны быть вылиты в канализацию. Но если [священник] не советовался и не применял кровь [смесь], это действительно так.
Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
הנתנין למטה – from the red line. As, for example, blood of the burnt-offering and the guilt-offering and the peace-offering and the firstling and the Passover offering and the tithe [which are offered below the red line], that were mixed up with the blood of the sin-offering which was sprinkled above [the red line].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
If [blood] that is to be sprinkled below [the red line on the altar] was mixed with blood that is sprinkled above: As we have seen in earlier chapters, some sacrificial blood is sprinkled on the altar above the red line that runs through its middle, and some is sprinkled below. In the case in our mishnah, blood from a sacrifice that is sprinkled above, namely a hatat whose blood is sprinkled on the four corners of the altar, is mixed in with blood that is sprinkled below from either an olah, an asham or a shelamim.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
רבי אליעזר אומר יתן למעלה – gifts of sin-offerings. But even though that the blood of the lower sacrifices (i.e., sprinkled below the red line) ae mixed with it. For since he doesn’t intend to place/sprinkle the lower ones above, I see them as if they are water. And because it is a Mitzvah to advance the upper ones over the lower ones, for all of the sin-offerings precede the burnt-offerings, therefore, he sprinkles above first and afterward the lower ones, and in sprinkling the lower ones, it will count for him the spilling of the residue of the sin-offering and beginning of the gifts of the burnt-offering.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
Rabbi Eliezer says: he must sprinkle [it] above, and I regard the lower [blood which was sprinkled] above as though it were water, and then he sprinkles again below. Rabbi Eliezer says that the first thing he should do is sprinkle the blood on the four corners of the altar, as is the rule for the hatat. Then Rabbi Eliezer employs a legal fiction similar to that which we saw him use in earlier mishnayot. The priest can look at the blood that was sprinkled above as if it were water, even though it may have in fact been from the blood that was supposed to be sprinkled below, and what is left in the mixture is blood that is supposed to be sprinkled below. Sprinkling the blood below will also count towards the requirement to pour out the remainder of that hatat blood below (see 5:3).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
ישפכו לאמה – they don’t accept “seeing” (i.e., as in viewing the blood from the sacrifices sprinkled below the red line as water).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
But the sages say: he must pour it out into the duct. As in all of the previous cases, the rabbis say that this should not be done. All of the mixture should be poured into the duct for disposal.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
ואם לא נמלך ונתן כשר – for he sprinkled from it above. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eliezer.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
If he [the priest] did not ask but sprinkled it, it is valid. This is the same line that appeared at the end of mishnah seven. If the priest did apply the blood above the line, then the application is “ex post facto” valid.
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