Однажды жители Тверии поставили трубу с холодной водой в трубопровод для горячей воды [идущий от горячих источников Тверии, чтобы холодная вода нагревалась горячей.] Мудрецы сказали им: если в субботу, как горячая вода нагревается в субботу, [то есть состояние воды, протекающей через эту трубу в субботу, соответствует состоянию горячей воды, которая нагревалась в субботу], а именно: запрещается мыть в ней [даже небольшую конечность] и [также] запрещено пить его. [И состояние проходящей через него воды] на фестивале - это состояние горячей воды, которая нагревалась на фестивале. В нем запрещено мыть [все тело], но в нем можно мыть лицо, руки и ноги], и разрешается пить его. [Галаха в соответствии с мудрецами. (Люди из Тверии сделали переворот и сломали трубу.)] Можно пить из выскобленного моляра в субботу. [("Моляр" :) Гемара объясняет: вода внутри, угли снаружи. Это сосуд с небольшим сосудом, прикрепленным к его наружной стенке, в который помещаются угли, и вода в большом сосуде. Если он был очищен от углей в то время, когда он был еще днем, то разрешается пить воду в большом сосуде в субботу, даже если сосуд несколько нагревается. Потому что он не добавляет тепла, а только сохраняет его, чтобы содержимое не остыло.] Запрещается пить антихи, даже если он был очищен. [Античи - это медный сосуд с двумя поверхностями. Вода находится сверху, а огонь внизу, между двумя поверхностями, поэтому ее тепло долго сохраняется. Так что, даже если угли вычищаются в субботу, вода нагревается в субботу, по этой причине запрещено пить из нее в субботу.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
סלון – a pipe that conducts the water in it and this pipe/duct was sunk in the hot springs of Tiberias and warmed from the power of those warm waters, and when the cold waters were drawn into it, they are warmed by that pipe/duct that was warmed by the hot springs of Tiberias, and the Sages said that the waters that were drawn into it that pipe on Shabbat, there law is like the law of waters that were warmed on Shabbat – that it is forbidden to bathe in them even a small limb and it is forbidden even for drinking, but the waters that pass through them on a Jewish holy day/Yom Tov, their law is like the law of hot waters that were heated on Yom Tov – that is forbidden to bathe one’s entire body in them, but it is permitted to wash one’s face, hands and feet in them, but drinking is permitted, and the Halakha is according to the Sages. The men of Tiberias retracted and broke the duct/pipe.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah discusses heating water on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
מוליאר – They explained in the Gemara (Tractate Shabbat 41a and Rashi’s commentary) – water from inside and coals from outside and it is a utensil that has a small receptacle near its wall from the outside which is attached to it, and they place there the coals and water in the large receptable on the Sabbath, and even though it warmed a bit from the warmth of the utensil, because it does not add vapor, but preserves and maintains their heat that it not become cold.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
It once happened that the people of Tiberias conducted a pipe of cold water through an arm of the hot springs. The sages said to them: if this happened on the Shabbat, it is like hot water heated on the Shabbat, and is forbidden both for washing and for drinking; If on a festival, it is like water heated on a festival, which is forbidden for washing but permitted for drinking. In Tiberias before Shabbat the people set up a pipe of cold water to flow through the hot springs so that the water in the pipe would heat up on Shabbat and they would have hot water for drinking and bathing. This is not actually cooking because there is no fire, but it is similar enough to cooking such that this is prohibited on Shabbat. Therefore on Shabbat it is forbidden to use this water for either cooking or washing. On festivals (Yom Tov) it is permitted to cook in order to eat. Therefore, if they did this on the festival they may use the water for drinking, but not for washing. It is not permitted to heat water for washing on a festival.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אנטיכי – it is a copper utensil which has two rims/saucers [at the bottom of the vessel and they place the water above and the fire below between the two saucers and since the fire is below between the two rims/saucers, the heat remains more and even though the coals were raked from the eve of the Sabbath, the water is heated up in it on the Sabbath – therefore we don’t drink from them on Shabbat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A miliarum which is cleared of its ashes--they may drink from it on Shabbat. A miliarum is a clay vessel for water which has a pipe in it in which they would put hot coals to heat water. One can drink the water from a milarium only if the coals were removed before Shabbat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
An antiki even if its ashes have been cleared--they may not drink from it. An antiki is a copper pot which has a large place to put coals in it so that the water would get very hot. It retains its heat better than a mililarum. Since it retains its heat so well, it is forbidden to use it on Shabbat even if the coals have been removed before Shabbat.
