Тот, кто перенаправляет источник в яму или в маленькие ямы, [собранная вода] недопустим для зав и метзора , а также для освящения вод чатата , поскольку они не были наполнены сосудом. [ Зав - это тот, у кого есть семенное излучение, которое делает его ритуально нечистым. Один из этапов процесса очищения - погрузиться в естественно текущую воду. Как только вода собирается в яму, она больше не считается проточной и, следовательно, не может использоваться для процесса очистки. Metzorah это один страдает конкретным заболеванием кожи , и он ритуально нечистым. Один из этапов его процесса очищения состоит в том, что сосуд наполняется водой из естественной воды и что над этим сосудом погибает птица. Как только вода собирается в яму, она больше не считается проточной и, следовательно, не может использоваться для этого ритуала. Точно так же, вода для освящения пепла красной телицы для ритуала чата должна быть взята из естественно текущей воды.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
המפנה את המעין לתוך הגת (he diverts/empties the spring into the wine vat) – that he made a trench from the spring until the wine vat in order that the he could divert there the waters of the spring, and afterwards stop them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
One who diverts a spring into a wine vat or into pools, the water is invalid for zavim and metzoraim. In this situation, a person diverts water from a spring into a wine vat or into some pools and after the vat or pools are full, he stops the connection with the spring such that the water is no longer connected to its source. Zavim people with abnormal genital discharge, cannot use this water because they need living water. For metzoraim, people with skin afflictions, they slaughter a bird above living water and sprinkle him with the water. This also requires living water.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
גת – a cistern that they make in front of the wine vat to receive the wine which is called a גת/marked off space for serving as a wine vat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
And also for the preparation of the hatat water. It is also not valid for the preparation of hatat water.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
גבים (cavity for collecting water, cistern) – it is the language of “This wadi shall be full of pools,” that is stated in the [Second] Book of Kings [Chapter 3, Verse 16]. And it is a pool/diluvium of water.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
Because it was not drawn into a vessel. This is the reason why this water cannot be used for any of these three rituals. The water in the vat or pools is no longer live water as it was when it was in the spring. And, the water is also not considered to be in a vessel for vats and pools are not vessels. Therefore, this water is invalid for any ritual requiring "living waters."
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
פסולים- for those with gonorrhea for ritual immersion, for they are not fresh water.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
ולמצורעים – that we require fresh water to sprinkle upon him with the blood of the bird.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
ולקדש מי חטאת – that we require fresh water, and these since they have been stopped up are not fresh water. And that which is taught in the Mishnah because they were not filled up by means of a utensil, in order to invalidate them for mixing in every matter even if he came to mix within the vat or within the pools of water themselves.
