Стебли инжира и сушеного инжира, клусим и рожковое дерево оскверняются и могут быть осквернены и соединены вместе. Раввин Йосе говорит: также стебель тыквы. Стебли груш и груш крутумелин, айва и яблоки-крабы, стебель тыквы, если это рука, и стебель артишока, если это одна рука. Раввин Элазар Бар Садок говорит: две руки. [Все] это оскверняет и оскверняет; но они не объединяются. И все остальные основы не оскверняются и не оскверняются.
Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
והכלוסין – a species of pulse/beans.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
Introduction
Today's mishnah is that which gives our tractate its name it deals with stems (oktzim).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
ומצטרפים – for sometimes they are consumed with the fruit.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
Stems of figs and dried figs, kelusim, and carobs are both defiled and defile, and they join together. Rabbi Yose says: also the stalks of the gourd. The stems of these fruits can be eaten. Therefore they are fully considered part of the fruit. Rabbi Yose says that the stem of the gourd is edible, but the other sages hold that while it is a handle, it is not edible.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
ר' יוסי אומר אף עוקץ הדלעת (Rabbi Yossi says: even the peduncle of gourds/pumpkins) – because it is boiled with it. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
The stems of pears and krutumelin pears, quinces, and crab-apples, the stalks of the gourd and the artichoke [to the length of] one handbreadth. Rabbi Elazar bar Zadok says: two handbreadths; [All] these are defiled and defile; but do not join together. These stems are used as handles but they are not edible. Therefore, they defile and can be defiled but since they are not food they don't add to the requisite amount.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
אגסים- in Arabic AGAS and in the foreign tongue PEARS.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
As for other stems, they are neither defiled nor do they defile. The stems of other types of produce are not used as handles nor are they eaten. Therefore, they are not susceptible to impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
קרוסטמלין (Crustumenian pear – red on one side) – small apples that are similar to gall-nuts. They are called MILIN.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
פרישין (quince)- in Arabic SPARGIL and in the foreign language KODONAISH.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
עוזרדין (sorb-apples, medlars, crab-apples) – in Arabic ZAROD and in the foreign language SORBASH.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
טפח - it refers to the peduncle/stalk of the Greek gourd, but not to the others that are taught in the Mishnah as they peduncles are small.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
קונדס (artichokes) – bitter vegetables, and we sweeten them through the hot flame. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Eleazar b’Rabbi Tzadok.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
לא מיטמאין ולא מטמאין – and it is not necessary to state that they don’t combine.
