Тот, кто шелушит ячмень, может шелушить по одному и есть [без десятины], но если он шелушится и кладет их в руку, он обязан [платить десятину]. Тот, кто натирает [колосья] пшеницы, может взорвать [пшеницу] из рук в руки [чтобы удалить мякину] и съесть, но если он дует и кладет зерно себе на колени, он обязан [платить десятину]. Кориандр, посеянный на семя, его зелень освобождается [от десятины]. Если он посеял это для зелени, то и семена, и зелень должны быть десятину. Раввин Элиэзер говорит: укроп должен быть отрублен из семян, зелени и стручков. Но Мудрецы говорят: ему не нужно платить десятину как из семян, так и из зелени, за исключением кресса и Эруки .
Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
המקלף – he removes their husks.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maasrot
One who husks barley may husk one at a time and eat [without tithing], but if he husked and put them into his hand, he is liable [to tithe]. Husking barley and eating the ears one at a time is considered “chance” eating and therefore one can do so without tithing. However, as soon as he husks the barley and puts several in his hand at the same time, their processing is considered to be completed and he can’t eat any of them without first tithing.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
מקלף אחת אחת – one piece of barley and especially when he is not near the threshing floor/granary, but if he was near the threshing floor/granary, even if he peeled more, he is exempt [from liability for tithing] because he can return the surplus.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maasrot
One who rubs [ears of] wheat may blow out [the chaff of the wheat] from hand to hand and eat, but if he blows and puts the grain in his lap he is liable. Rubbing ears of wheat is a means to remove the chaff from each ear of wheat. If one does so one ear of wheat at a time, he can eat the individual grains without tithing. However, as soon as he starts to accumulate the wheat in his lap, he is liable for tithes.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maasrot
Coriander which was sown for the sake of the seed, the plant is exempt [from tithes]. If he sowed it for the sake of the plant then both the seed and the plant must be tithed. The mishnah now begins to discuss various types of plants whose seeds and plant parts are eaten. The part that needs to be tithed is the part that one intends on eating. If coriander (cilantro) was sown in order to eat the seeds then he needs to tithe only the seeds. He can eat the plant parts without tithing because when he sowed the plant, his intention was to throw these parts away. However, if he sows it in order to use the plant parts, then both these parts and the seeds must be tithed before they can be eaten. The assumption seems to be that in all cases one will make use of the coriander seeds because they are the more valuable part. When someone plants coriander in order to use the plant parts, he is really going to use the seeds as well.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
מנפה [winnows] – to produce the chaff.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maasrot
Rabbi Eliezer said: as for dill, tithe must be given from the seed and the plant, and the pods. According to Rabbi Eliezer, one needs to tithe all of the parts of a dill plant, because his intention will be to eat them all.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
מיד ליד – he empties them from one hand to the other hand [and eats them without tithing].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maasrot
But the sages say: only in the case of cress and eruca are both the seeds and plant tithed. The sages disagree with Rabbi Eliezer and with the rule at the end of section three. According to the sages one must tithe the seed and the plant parts of only two species of plant: cress and eruca. When it comes to other plants, either the seed or the plant part must be tithed, but not both.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
ירקה פטור - for the seed is the essence and the herb (foliage/leaves) is not considered [important for tithing] unless he intended to use the herbs (foliage/leaves) [if they are to be eaten].
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
מתעשרת זרע וירק – he is liable to tithe whether he ate the seed or whether he ate the leaves, the foliage as they exist.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
השבת (dill)– such is its name in Arabic and in the foreign tongue ANITO.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
וזירים (pods) – vine-shoots, and even if he merely sowed, he tithes the seed, the herb {foliage/leaves) and the pods, because dills make long vine-shoots , but the coriander, one does no tithe the pods unless he sowed first for the pods.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
השחלים (cress) – in Arabic HAB AT SHAR, and in the foreign tongue, KRISHON.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
הגרגיר – this is its name in Arabic, and in the foreign tongue, IROGA, and the Halakha is according to the Sages.
