Комментарий к Бейца́ 3:7
אֵין מַשְׁחִיזִין אֶת הַסַּכִּין בְּיוֹם טוֹב, אֲבָל מַשִּׂיאָהּ עַל גַּבֵּי חֲבֶרְתָּהּ. לֹא יֹאמַר אָדָם לַטַּבָּח, שְׁקוֹל לִי בְדִינָר בָּשָׂר. אֲבָל שׁוֹחֵט וּמְחַלְּקִים בֵּינֵיהֶן:
Запрещается точить нож на йом тов [с помощью фрезы или точилки], но разрешается передавать его другим, [отклонение от обычной практики]. Нельзя сказать мяснику: «Взвесьте меня на мясо в динарах», но он убивает (животное), и они делят (стандартные отрубы) между собой.
Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
אין משחיזין את הסכין – with a millstone or with a whetting implement (of stone or wood)
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Introduction
This mishnah continues to deal with the laws of slaughtering and divvying up meat on Yom Tov.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
אבל משיאה על גבי חברתה – as he makes a change from the manner of the weekday.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
One may not sharpen a knife on a festival, but one may draw it over another knife. He shouldn’t sharpen a knife with a sharpening stone on Yom Tov because this is similar to completing work on a vessel which is forbidden on Yom Tov. Furthermore, he could have sharpened the knife before Yom Tov. However, if he sharpens it in an unusual manner, by using another knife, then it is permitted.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
A man may not say to a butcher, “Weigh me a dinar’s worth of meat” but he may slaughter [the animal] and shares it among them. This section returns to discussing the problem discussed in yesterday’s mishnah, the problem of buying meat on Yom Tov. One cannot tell a butcher to give him a piece of meat worth a certain amount of money because this is considered conducting business as usual on Yom Tov, which is forbidden. This is forbidden even if he weighs the meat out in a manner that is usually permitted, as we learned in yesterday’s mishnah. Merely mentioning the price seems to be forbidden. However, the butcher may slaughter the animal and divide it up among his clients keeping in mind how much each owes him.
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