Comentário sobre Terumot 8:3
הָיָה אוֹכֵל בְּאֶשְׁכּוֹל וְנִכְנַס מִן הַגִּנָּה לֶחָצֵר, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, יִגְמֹר. וְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, לֹא יִגְמֹר. חֲשֵׁכָה לֵילֵי שַׁבָּת, רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, יִגְמֹר. וְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, לֹא יִגְמֹר:
Se alguém estava comendo um cacho de uvas e entrou do jardim no pátio, o rabino Eliezer diz que pode terminar [o cacho]. O rabino Yehoshua diz que pode não terminar. Se a noite do Shabat escurecer [enquanto ele está comendo], o rabino Eliezer diz que pode terminar. O rabino Yehoshua diz que pode não terminar.
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
היה אוכל באשכול – he detached a cluster from the vine that is in the garden and he would eat while walking until he entered the courtyard, for the courtyard establishes [its liability] for tithing, and even an incidental meal is forbidden until he separates heave-offering and tithes.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Introduction
In our mishnah a person begins to eat untithed grapes while he is still in the field, which is permitted. After beginning to eat the grapes they become liable for tithes. Rabbi Eliezer and Rabbi Joshua again disagree as to whether he may finish eating.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ר' אליעזר אומר יגמור – not that he should eat in the courtyard, but rather, he should leave outside the courtyard and complete eating the cluster in the garden.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
If he was eating a bunch of grapes, and he entered from the garden into the courtyard: Rabbi Eliezer says: he may finish eating. But Rabbi Joshua says: he may not finish. While still out in the garden, one may eat produce without tithing it, as long as he is eating it in an “ad hoc” fashion, meaning he is not making a meal out of it. However, once he brings the grapes into the courtyard he cannot eat them until they have been tithed. Rabbi Eliezer says that since he began to eat the grapes with permission, he may finish doing so without tithing them. Rabbi Joshua says he cannot finish them until he tithes.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
לא יגמור – and even in the garden, until he tithes.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
If dusk set in at the eve of Shabbat: Rabbi Eliezer says: he may finish eating. But Rabbi Joshua says: he may not finish. When Shabbat begins one cannot eat untithed food, even in an ad hoc fashion out in the garden. In essence, all eating on Shabbat is considered formal and therefore food cannot be eaten untithed. If he begins eating it before Shabbat, Rabbi Eliezer says he may continue, whereas Rabbi Joshua again says that he may not.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
חשיכה לילי שבת – and he was eating an incidental meal, for Shabbat establishes [liability for] tithing and even an incidental meal is prohibited.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
יגמור – on Saturday night, but on Shabbat itself, he admits that it is prohibited.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
לא יגמור – even on Saturday night, until he tithes, and the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehoshua.
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