Se alguém torna sua propriedade hekdesh, e inclui coisas adequadas para o altar —vinho, óleo, farinha, [que servem para refeições e bebidas] e pássaros [pombas e pombos jovens], R. Elazar [(esta é a versão correta, e não "R. Eliezer")] diz : Eles são vendidos para aqueles que precisam dessas coisas e as ofertas queimadas são compradas com o dinheiro delas e o restante da propriedade é revertido para bedek habayith. [A justificativa de R. Elazar é dada em Yerushalmi: Está escrito (Levítico 22:18: "... de todos os seus votos e todas as suas ofertas de livre-arbítrio, que eles apresentarão ao Senhor como queimado." oferta"— Tudo o que eles juram e dão como presentes as coisas que são apresentadas ao Senhor — mesmo vinho, óleo e farinha —é ser uma oferta queimada. Eu poderia pensar que ele pode oferecer pelo dinheiro deles um holocausto de pássaros, ou que, se ele dedicou um pássaro, ele pode oferecê-lo como holocausto; está, portanto, escrito (Ibid. 19): "... do gado, das ovelhas e das cabras". Ele pode sacrificar tudo o que doou, apenas o holocausto de um animal.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shekalim
יינות שמנים וסלתות – which are appropriate for meal-offerings and libations.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shekalim
Introduction
This mishnah deals with a person who dedicated his belongings to the Temple and there were among them things which could be offered on the altar, but they were not animal sacrifices, as was the case in mishnah 7.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shekalim
ועופות – doves and pigeons.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shekalim
One who dedicated his possessions to the Temple and there were among them things fit for the altar, [such as] wines, oils, and birds: Rabbi Elazar says: they should be sold for the use of [offerings of] each particular kind, and they should bring with the proceeds burnt offerings, and the other possessions should go to the repair of the Temple. Rabbi Elazar says that the wines, oils and birds should be sold to people who need to bring wines for libations, oils to accompany minhah (grain) offerings or various bird offerings. The proceeds from the sale should be used to buy burnt offerings, and then, as is standard, all of the other dedicated possessions should go to the upkeep of the Temple. The Rambam explains how this situation differs from the situation in mishnah seven, where Rabbi Eliezer said that animals dedicated to the Temple should be sold to people who need them for sacrifices and the proceeds go to the repair of the Temple. That mishnah discussed animals and not wines, oils and birds as does our mishnah. Animals dedicated as sacrifices can be, under certain circumstances, redeemed. If the animal becomes blemished, it is redeemed with money and the money becomes sacred and is used to buy another sacrifice. Since the money becomes sacred, when these animals are sold it is as if the mitzvah has been already performed and the money can be used for the repair of the Temple. In contrast, wine, oil and birds cannot be redeemed with money. Therefore, when they are sold the money itself does not become holy. Since the money is not holy, the mitzvah has not been performed and therefore the money must be used to buy burnt offerings, through which the mitzvah can be performed.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shekalim
Rabbi Eleazar is our reading and not Rabbi Eliezer. The reason of Rabbi Eleazar is explained in the Jerusalem Talmud, as it is written (Leviticus 22:18): “[When any man of the house of Israel or of the strangers in Israel] presents a burnt offering as his offering for any of the votive or any of the freewill offerings [that they offer to the LORD],” all that they vow or donate from things that they donate to the LOD, even wines, oils and fine-flour will be for a burnt offering – he is able to offer with their monetary value a burnt offering of fowl or if he first gave a fowl, he shall offer it as a burnt offering, the inference teaches us (Leviticus 22:19): “from cattle or sheep or goats.” Surely, he does not with all what he donated other than only a burnt offering of cattle.
