Quando essas palavras foram ditas [quando isso se aplica]? [No que diz respeito a] grãos com [uma espécie diferente de] grão, legumes com [uma espécie diferente de] legumes, grão com legumes e legumes com grão. Com razão, eles disseram [o termo significa uma decisão proferida por Moshe do Sinai] que todos os tipos de sementes de jardim que não são usadas como alimento se combinam para formar um vigésimo quarto [a ser considerado kilayim ] do que cai [é semeadas] em cada beit se'ah [uma medida de área, equivalente à área de terra grande o suficiente para exigir um Se'ah de sementes para plantá-lo]. O rabino Shimon diz que, assim como eles disseram [sua decisão de resultar] em rigor, também disseram [sua decisão de resultar] em clemência. O linho com grãos se combinam para formar um vigésimo quarto do que cai [é semeado] em um beit se'ah .
English Explanation of Mishnah Kilayim
Introduction
Today’s mishnah is a direct continuation of yesterday’s mishnah. In sections two and three it brings up some exceptions to the general rule that 1/24 of a different seed(s) will forbid a mixture.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kilayim
To what does this refer? To [an mixture of] grain [occurring] with [different] grain, or pulse with [different] pulse, to grain with pulse, and to pulse with grain. The rule in yesterday’s mishnah only applies to a case where grains and pulse (beans) became mixed up. In section two we will see that the rule for garden seeds is different.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kilayim
However they stated: Seeds from a garden which are not eaten, they add up [with other seeds to form an amount sufficient to prohibit the sowing of a seah] when there is 1/24 of the quantity [of such seed] that is necessary to sow a bet seah. “However they stated” implies that there is a rule in this section that deviates from the normal rule above. The mishnah refers here to inedible seeds such as garlic seeds or turnip seeds. If there is in a mixture 1/24 of these seeds in the amount of seeds of grain needed to plant a bet seah (a plot of land that can grow a seah of produce, about 2500 square cubits), but in this size field the seeds would produce much less than a seah, such as a kav, then 1/24 of a kav of these seeds would prohibit a mixture of another seah of other produce (remember grain prohibits if there is 1/6 of a kav). In other words, since these seeds, if they were grain seeds, would produce a much smaller amount of product if they were planted in a field that could grow a seah of produce, they prohibit mixtures at 1/24 of the level of the amount of product that they would produce, in this case 1/24 of a kav.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kilayim
Rabbi Shimon says: just as they ruled to be stringent so too they ruled to be lenient flax [mixed in with] produce, combines when there is 1/24 of the quantity [of such seed] that is necessary to sow a bet seah. In the previous section we saw a stringency with regard to garden seeds that are not eaten. Since these seeds produce much less product, the laws are more stringent in their prohibiting a mixture with other produce, such as grain. In contrast, when an equal amount of flax seed is planted in a plot of land used to produce a seah of grain, it will produce three seahs of flax (three times the amount of grain). Therefore, the law is more lenient with them and there will need to be ¾ of a kav of flax seeds mixed in with other seeds before they become prohibited. As a general rule we could summarize that if an amount of seed produces less final product, it will be more potent in prohibiting mixtures, but if it produces more final product, it will be less potent in prohibiting mixtures.
