Se alguém tivesse dois pares de filhas de duas esposas, e ele dissesse: "Eu prometi minha filha grande e não sei se era a mais velha do mais velho ou a mais velha do mais novo, ou o mais novo do mais velho, que é mais velho que o mais velho dos mais jovens " —todos são proibidos, exceto os mais jovens. Estas são as palavras de R. Meir. R. Yossi diz: Todos eles são permitidos, exceto o mais velho dos mais velhos. (Se ele dissesse :) "Eu prometi minha filha pequena e não sei se era a mais nova entre os mais jovens ou os mais jovens do mais velho, ou a mais velha dos mais jovens, que é mais nova que a mais nova das mais velhas"—todos são proibidos, exceto o mais velho dos mais velhos. Estas são as palavras de R. Meir. R. Yossi diz: "Todos eles são permitidos, exceto o mais novo dos mais jovens. [O tanna deve nos informar sobre a diferença entre R. Meir e R. Yossi (ambos) em relação a" Eu prometi minha filha grande "e" Eu prometi a minha filha pequena. "Porque, se nos ensinassem apenas a primeira, poderíamos pensar que é apenas nesse sentido que R. Meir diz o que faz. Pois, como há uma filha mais nova, ele chama essa de" grande ". pois é de prestígio para um homem chamar sua filha de "grande", mesmo sendo jovem, desde que haja outra mais nova que ela. Mas, com "minha filhinha", talvez ele concorde com R. Yossi que, se poderia chamá-la de "grande", ele não a chamaria de "pequena". E se nos ensinassem apenas a segunda ("eu prometi minha filha pequena"), poderíamos pensar que é apenas nesse sentido que R. Yossi diz o que sim, mas em outro caso ("prometi a minha filha grande"), talvez ele concordasse com R. Meir. Portanto, devemos ser informados de ambos. A halachá está de acordo entre R. Yossi nos dois casos.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Kiddushin
קדשתי את בתי גדולה – it was necessary for the Tanna [of our Mishnah] to teach us of the dispute of Rabbi Meir and Rabbi Yosi in the case of: “I betrothed the eldest” and “I betrothed the youngest.” For had [the Mishnah] only taught us regarding “I betrothed the eldest,” I would think that on this which Rabbi Meir is commenting upon, and since there is a younger [daughter] than her, it is to this one, “the elder” that he calls her, for it is praiseworthy for a person to call his daughter with the language of “older” even though she is “younger,” when there is younger sister younger than her. But, regarding a minor, I would say that he (i.e., Rabbi Meir) would agree with Rabbi Yosi, that all the while that he can call her “elder,” he would not call her “younger.” But if [the Mishnah only taught] that alone (i.e., the statement of Rabbi Meir), it is on that alone which Rabbi Meir is commenting upon but on this one (“I betrothed the younger”), I would say that Rabbi Yosi agrees with Rabbi Meir. Therefore, it was necessary to teach both of them. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yosi in both cases.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kiddushin
Introduction
This mishnah continues to discuss a father who betroths one of his daughters but does not remember which one he betrothed. Specifically, the mishnah refers to a situation where a man has two sets of daughters with two different wives and one set of daughters is older than the other set (i.e. all of the daughters of one wife are older than the eldest daughter of the other wives.)
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kiddushin
If one has two groups of daughters by two wives, and he declares, “I have given in betrothal my eldest daughter, but I do not know whether the eldest of the seniors or the eldest of the juniors, or the youngest of the seniors who is older than the eldest of the juniors,” all are forbidden [to marry other men], except the youngest of the juniors, the words of Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yose says: they are all permitted, except the eldest of the seniors. The father says he has given in betrothal his “eldest daughter” to a man, and he has forgotten who that man is, and the question is who his “eldest daughter” is? Once we figure out whom the eldest daughter is that daughter will be forbidden to marry any other man, and his other daughters will be permitted. Again, the man has two sets of daughters; one set is a group of “seniors” in that they are all older than the other set which are “juniors.” According to Rabbi Meir, any daughter who has a younger sister may be called the “eldest daughter” since she is older than another daughter. The only daughter who cannot possibly be called the “eldest daughter” is the youngest daughter of the youngest set. Rabbi Yose rules that only the eldest daughter of the seniors is called the “eldest daughter” and therefore only she is prohibited.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kiddushin
“I have betrothed my youngest daughter, but I do not know whether the youngest of the juniors or the youngest of the seniors, or the eldest of the juniors who is younger than the youngest of the seniors,” they are all forbidden, except the eldest of the seniors, the words of Rabbi Meir. Rabbi Yose says: they are all permitted, except the youngest of the juniors. This section is basically the same as the previous section, except that in this section the father claims that he gave his “youngest daughter” in betrothal. The opinions of Rabbi Meir and Rabbi Yose are consistent with those above.
