Ele (R. Gamliel) também adotou a visão branda em três coisas: É permitido varrer entre as camas (em yom tov). [Eles costumavam descansar nas camas e comer. Como o espaço (entre as camas) é pequeno, não tememos que ele possa abrir buracos (no chão de areia), como fazemos em relação à casa, que, sendo grande, é obrigada a ter buracos.] é permitido fazer mugmar em yom tov [isto é, colocar incenso nos carvões para inalar o aroma; mas todos sustentam que é proibido perfumar roupas.] E é permitido fazer um gedi (uma criança) mekulas na noite de Pessach. ["mekulas"—assado com as pernas e as entranhas ao lado, em comemoração à oferta de Pessach, sobre a qual está escrita (Êxodo 12: 9): "sua cabeça, com suas pernas, com suas entranhas". "mekulas", como um guerreiro carregando suas armas. O targum de (1 Samuel 17: 5): "e um capacete de cobre" é "vekulas dinechash". Rambam interpreta "mekulas" como "distintivo", como em "kilus".] E os sábios proíbem [os três: varrer, porque ele pode até abrir buracos; "mugmar", porque não é exigido por todos, mas apenas pelos mimados e auto-indulgentes e com odor corporal; "mekulas", porque ele dá a impressão de comer alimentos consagrados fora (a área prescrita). A halachá está de acordo com os sábios.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
מכבדין את המטות – when the eat there (they sweep between the couches). For they normally recline to eat on top of beds and because it is such a small place, they are not suspect lest it make indentations, as we would fear regarding a large house and it is impossible that there wouldn’t be an indentation/hole.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Introduction
In mishnah six we learned of three cases where Rabban Gamaliel was strict like Beth Shammai. In mishnah seven we learn three cases where he adopted a more lenient position than the other Sages.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
מוגמר – frankincense on top of the coals to smell it, but to perfume the utensils, it is the words of everyone that it is prohibited.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Also he declared three decisions of a lenient character: One may sweep up [on a festival] between the couches, In the time of the Mishnah, during formal meals people would recline on couches on the ground and eat off personal tables which were more like trays. According to Rabban Gamaliel one can sweep up between the couches after the meal on Yom Tov. The Sages forbid this for fear that one might fill in a hole that is in the floor, which could be considered a form of building, which is forbidden on the Sabbath and Yom Tov.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
מקולס – its legs, and its innards are hanging outside of it [on its side] when they are roasting it, and they do this in memory of the Passover sacrifice, as it is written concerning it (Exodus 12:9): “[Do not eat any of it raw, or cooked in any way with water, but roasted-] head, legs and entrails – over the fire.” [The word] מקולס/an animal roasted in its entrails and legs on the head – is like this hero whose weaponry was with him (a reference to Goliath in I Samuel 17:5 who had a “bronze helmet/כובע נחשת ) and the Aramaic translation of “bronze helmet” is a bronze helmet (see also Rashi to Zebahim 88b). But Maimonides explained the word מקולס as meaning honorable, in the manner of praise.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
And put spices [on the coals] on a festival; As we have learned many times already, cooking food is allowed on Yom Tov. Rabban Gamaliel allowed people to put spices on coals, which would make a pleasant scent. Even though this is not cooking food, it is permitted since it is still a bodily pleasure. The sages forbid doing so since not all people are equally accustomed to put spices on coals after a meal. Cooking food is permitted because everyone eats; putting spices on coals is prohibited because this is not a practice in which all classes of people engage.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
וחכמים אוסרין – [The Sages forbid] all three. Sweeping because it makes indentations, and the spices put upon the coals/perfume because it is not necessary for every person, for it is not other than for those spoiled and those who indulge themselves in pleasures and to one who has a bad odor. The spices placed upon the coals – because it appears like one who is eating Holy objects outside [the Temple]. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
And roast a kid whole on the night of Passover. But the sages forbid them. When there was a Temple in Jerusalem, people would roast kids (lambs, not the human kind) as Passover sacrifices on the day before Passover and eat them at night. When the Temple was destroyed in 70 C.E. sacrifices could no longer be offered. Nevertheless, Rabban Gamaliel permitted people to make roasted kids at their own seders. The other Sages forbid this, lest someone think that they were eating sacrificial meat outside of Jerusalem (for more on this topic see Pesahim 7:1).
