Przez wszystkie siedem dni spryskuje krwią [t'midim, aby przyzwyczaić się do służby ofiarnej], pali kadzidło i trzyma się lampy. [Oczyszcza ich z popiołu ze spalonych knotów] i ofiarowuje głowę i stopę (tamida)]. A w inne dni, jeśli chce złożyć ofiarę [jakąkolwiek ofiarę, jakiej pragnie], czyni to [a strażnicy nie mogą go powstrzymać]. On jako pierwszy ofiaruje [jakąkolwiek] część [zechce], i pierwszy bierze część. [Przy rozdawaniu kodszim (konsekracji) bierze on dowolną wybraną część. To z kodszim ołtarza; ale z tymi z pogranicza (tj. poza Jerozolimą), zarówno arcykapłan, jak i zwykły kapłan mają równy udział.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
He casts the blood. Of the sacrifices, so that he will be knowledgeable in the service
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yoma
Introduction
This mishnah teaches that during the seven days before Yom Kippur the high priest performs regularly duties which he may or may not perform during the rest of the year.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
ומטיב את הנרות – trims them from the ashes of the wicks that went out (see also Mishnah Tamid, Chapter 3, Mishnah 9).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yoma
All seven days he sprinkles the blood and burns the incense and cleans lamps and offers the head and the leg; “Sprinkling the blood” refers to the blood of the daily tamid offerings which are offered in the morning and the evening. The incense is mentioned in Exodus 30:1-8. It is offered daily on the golden altar. “Cleaning the lamps” means cleaning them from the accumulated ashes, waste-oil and putting in them new oil and wicks. This task also includes lighting the new flame. Finally, the “head and the leg” are the partsof the two daily tamid offerings which were put first onto the altar. The point of this mishnah is that parts of the service and other Temple duties that he could take part in during the rest of they year, but did not have to if he did not want to, become obligatory for him during the week before Yom Kippur. This is so that he becomes more accustomed to working in the Temple. In other words, this is a warm up.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
ושאר כל הימים – if he wants to offer any sacrifice that he wishes, he can offer it, and the men of the division of duty cannot prevent him from doing so.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yoma
And on all other days if he wants he offers, for the high priest is first in offering a portion and has first place in taking a portion. During the rest of the year, he need perform these tasks only if he wishes to do so. The mishnah points out that any part of the sacrificial service that the high priest wishes to perform he may do so. His right trumps that of any ordinary priest, even those whose shifts are currently serving in the Temple. He also is the first to choose whichever part of the sacrifice he wishes, even if he wasn’t the one to offer it. As they say, “it’s good to be the high priest!”
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
מקריב חלק בראש – the head he offers of every portion that he chooses.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yoma
וטוטל חלק בראש – in the distribution of the Holy Things, he takes a nice portion that he chooses for him, and these words concern the Sacred things of the Altar, but the Sacred gifts [that are set apart and consumed] outside of the Temple and Jerusalem, both the High Priest and the common priest divide equally.
