Komentarz do Ukcin 2:5
הַמְחַתֵּךְ לְבַשֵּׁל, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא מֵרַק, אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר. לִכְבֹּשׁ וְלִשְׁלֹק וּלְהַנִּיחַ עַל הַשֻּׁלְחָן, חִבּוּר. הִתְחִיל לְפָרֵק, אֹכֶל שֶׁהִתְחִיל בּוֹ, אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר. הָאֱגוֹזִים שֶׁאֲמָנָן, וְהַבְּצָלִים שֶׁחֲמָרָן, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ חִבּוּר. הִתְחִיל לְפָרֵק בָּאֱגוֹזִים וּלְפַקֵּל בַּבְּצָלִים, אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר. הָאֱגוֹזִים וְהַשְּׁקֵדִים, חִבּוּר, עַד שֶׁיְּרַסֵּס:
Jeśli ktoś pokroi [produkt] do gotowania, nawet jeśli nie ukończył cięcia, nie jest to uważane za połączenie [łączenie kawałków ze sobą ze względu na czystość]. Jeśli [ktoś go pokroił] do marynowania, do gotowania lub do postawienia na stole, jest to uważane za połączenie [ze względu na czystość]. Jeśli ktoś zaczął rozdzielać [kawałki], [części] pożywienia, które zaczął [łamać] nie jest uważane za połączenie. Jeśli ktoś zawiązuje orzechy razem lub zawiązuje wiązkę cebuli, uważa się to za połączenie. Jeśli ktoś zaczął rozbierać orzechy lub obierać cebulę, nie jest to uważane za połączenie. Jeśli chodzi o orzechy i migdały [w odniesieniu do ich łupin], uważa się to za połączenie, dopóki się ich nie zmiażdży.
Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
המחתך לבשל – as for example, cuts gourds or onions or meat in order to cook it in a pot.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
If one chops up [fruit] for cooking, even if [the chopping had] not been completely finished, it is not regarded as connected. Once one begins to chop up produce in order to cook it, the pieces are no longer considered connected to one another.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
שלא מירק (did not finish it off) -that he did not complete the cutting, like he completed it after slaughtering by his hand in Tractate Yoma [31b].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
If his intention had been to pickle or to boil it, or to set it on the table, then it is regarded as connected. However, if he intends to either pickle, boil or set aside the pieces, then they are considered connected to one another. If one is defiled, then they are all defiled. It is a bit difficult to understand why or how section two differs from section one. According to Albeck, section two presents cases in which he wants the pieces to stay together until he does something else with them, such as pickle them, put them in a pot or put them in front of those eating. Therefore, they are considered connected. However, in section one he doesn't care if they stay connected, perhaps because he will cook them separately.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
אינו חיבור – even though the pieces are still partly intertwined/interwoven.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
If he began to take [the pieces] apart, [only] that part of the food which he began to take apart is not considered connected. This refers to section two. Once he begins to take the pieces of the fruit apart from the pile that they were in, the stuff he has taken apart is no longer considered connected. But the parts he has not yet taken apart remain connected.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
לכבוש – that he pickles in wine or in vinegar in order to preserve it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
Nuts that had been strung together, or onions that had been piled together, count as connected. If he began to take the nuts apart, or to strip the onions, they are not connected. Nuts or onions strung together, perhaps to bring them to market, count as connected. But once he begins to take them apart, they are not connected.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
ולשלוק (or to seethe) – seething is more than cooking, and in these it is satisfactory for it in their combining/joining, therefore whenever he didn’t finish it off, it is combining/joining. But to cook is not combining/joining, for if he knows that the cooking will separate them and divide them one from the other.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oktzin
[Shells of] nuts and almonds are considered connected [with the edible part] until they are crushed. Shells of nuts are connected until they are smashed to get the nuts out. Once they are smashed, they are not considered connected even if he has not yet removed the shells. This is because they no longer protect the nut.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
התחיל לפרק (when he has begun to strip vegetables) – and to separate completely one from them, we do not say that since he revealed his intention with one that he wants separate them, all of them also are as if they are separated one from another and it is not combining/joining, but if he eats and only strips, it is not combining/joining, and what he didn’t strip is combined/joined.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
האגוזים שאמנן (nuts which one arrayed/arranged in lines) – that he grew them and combined them one with the other. It is the language of (Esther 2:7): “He was foster father to Hadassah [that is Esther, his uncle’s daughter, for she had neither father nor mother].”
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
שחמרן ([and the onions] which one has piled up) – It is the language of (Exodus 8:10): “And they piled them up (i.e., the dead frogs) in heaps, [till the land stank].” From the manner of those who wish to store up nuts or onions, they cut them and tie them up with rope or with cord/flax rope and combine them one with the other and suspend them in order that they will endure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
לפקל (to strip, peel) – like to peel/לקלף. And it is example we taught in [Tractate] Maaserot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 6, “the onions [are subject to tithes] when one begins to strip them (for storage)” (note that there is a mistake in the printed editions which mention chapter 2 and/or chapter 4).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
האגוזים והשדקים – now we are speaking of cracking open nuts and almonds. For the shell of nuts and almonds are considered a protection, and even though he cracked them open, all the while that it is attached to the food/edible part, it is considered a protection.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oktzin
עד שירסס (until he crushes them) – It is the language of (Amos 6:11): “[For the LORD will command,] And the great house shall be smashed to bits [And the little house to splinters],” meaning to say until the shell will be crushed and opened into thin pieces.
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