Nie ma różnicy między jom tov a szabatem, ale tylko jedzenie (przygotowanie) (jest zabronione w szabat, ale dozwolone w jom tov.) [Ta Miszna jest zgodna z Beth Shammai, która mówi (Beitzah 1: 5): „Ani minor, ani lulav, ani zwój Tory nie mogą być przenoszone do domeny publicznej (na jom tov), „gdyż nie są potrzebne do jedzenia. Ale to nie jest halacha. Rządzimy zgodnie z Beth Hillel, która twierdzi, że skoro noszenie było dozwolone w celach spożywczych, było też dozwolone w innych celach. Są też inne rzeczy, które są zabronione w Szabat, ale dozwolone w dniu jom tov, nawet jeśli nie służą do jedzenia, takie jak upuszczanie owoców przez otwór (patrz Beitzah 5: 1), co jest dozwolone w dniu jom tov, ale nie w Szabat. Nie ma różnicy między Szabatem a Jom Kipur, ale umyślne wykroczenie pierwszego jest karane przez człowieka [sądowa kara śmierci], podczas gdy umyślne wykroczenie drugiego podlega karze kareth („odcięcie”).
Bartenura on Mishnah Megillah
אין בין יו"ט לשבת אלא אוכל נפש בלבד – [See Mishnah Betzah, 5:2] Our Mishnah is according to [the teachings of] the School of Shammai, who say (Betza 12a), we don’t take out a young child or a Lulav or a Torah scroll into the public domain, since they lack the need for food preparation. And this is not the Halakha, but only according to the words of the School of Hillel, who say that since we are permitted to bring something out for the purposes of eating, it is also permitted to take them out not for the sake of eating. And there are also other things that are prohibited on Shabbat but permitted on Yom Tov/Jewish holy days, even though they are not for the sake of food preparation, such as [see Mishnah Betzah, 5:1] throwing down fruit (if it is about to rain) [that was spread out to dry on the roof] through a trap door on a Jewish holy day, but not on Shabbat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Megillah
Introduction
From here until the end of the chapter there is a series of mishnayot in which each mishnah begins with the literary structure of “there is no difference between x and y except,” the literary structure that we saw in yesterday’s mishnah. This type of structure is probably a result of the Mishnah’s being an oral text. Halakhot phrased in this style are simply easier to remember.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Megillah
שזה זדונו בידי אדם – [if one violates a Mitzvah willfully] on Shabbat , which has death by a Jewish court.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Megillah
There is no difference between Shabbat and Yom Tov except the preparation of food. All work prohibited on Shabbat is also prohibited on Yom Tov, except work done in the preparation of food. For further reading on this subject look at the introduction to tractate Betzah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Megillah
There is no difference between Shabbat and Yom HaKippurim except that the deliberate violation of the one is punished by a human court and the deliberate violation of the other by karet. An intentional transgression of Shabbat carries with it the death penalty, a punishment that is carried out by a human court. In contrast, an intentional transgression of Yom Kippur is not punished by a human court, but rather by karet, a punishment that is dished out by God.
