Komentarz do Kelim 30:3
כּוֹס שֶׁנִּפְגַּם רֻבּוֹ, טָהוֹר. נִפְגַּם בּוֹ שָׁלֹשׁ בְּרֻבּוֹ, טָהוֹר. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אִם מְפַזֵּר הוּא אֶת רֹב הַמַּיִם, טָהוֹר. נִקַּב, וַעֲשָׂאוֹ בֵּין בְּבַעַץ בֵּין בְּזֶפֶת, טָהוֹר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, בְּבַעַץ, טָמֵא, וּבְזֶפֶת, טָהוֹר:
Jeśli chodzi o kielich, to jeśli jego większa część [tj. Jego obwód] została uszkodzona, to jest on czysty. Jeśli jest uszkodzony w trzech miejscach na większości, to jest czysty. Rabin Szimon mówi: jeśli rozprasza większość wody [wlanej do niej], jest czysta. Jeśli został przebity i naprawiono go, czy to cyną, czy smołą, to jest czysty. Rabin Yose mówi: jeśli z cyną jest [podatna na uczynienie] nieczystym; a jeśli ze smołą, to jest czysty.
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
כוס – of glass.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Introduction
This mishnah deals with the purity of glass cups.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
שנפגם רובו טהור (that the majority of which is cracked/broken off) – that it is considered a broken vessel/fragment of a vessel.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
A cup the greater part of which is broken off is pure. If most of the cup is broken off, it is unusable and no longer susceptible to impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
מפגם בו שלש ברובו – that the three notches/cracks stand in the majority of the cup but not in its minority.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If it was broken in three places extending over its greater part it is pure. If there are three breaks spread out onto the greater part of the cup, it is also pure. However, if the three cracks are all in the same place and most of the cup is intact, the cup can remain impure or susceptible to impurity.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Shimon says: if it lets the greater part of the water leak out it is pure. Rabbi Shimon adds that if the cracks are sufficient such that it lets most of the water out, then it is pure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
אם מפזר הוא את רוב המים טהור (if it scatters/disperses the majority of the water – it is pure) – but with a minority, it is ritually impure. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If a hole appeared in it and it was mended with tin or pitch it is pure. Rabbi Yose says: if with tin it is susceptible to uncleanness, but if with pitch it is pure. According to the first opinion, even though he fixed the hole in the cup with tin or pitch it is still pure. According to this opinion, it is not really possible to fix glass cups. Rabbi Yose holds that if one fixes the cup with tin it is considered repaired and is again susceptible to impurity. He agrees that if it is fixed with pitch, it is still not susceptible. Assumedly, the one drinking from the cup will taste/smell the pitch while he will not taste or smell the tin.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
בבעץ – with tin.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
רבי יוסי אומר בבעץ טמא – for everything follows after what restores it/preserves it, and it is considered like a metal vessel. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.
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