Komentarz do Bechorot 6:5
נִפְגַּם הַזּוֹבָן, אוֹ עֶרְיָה שֶׁל נְקֵבָּה בַּמֻּקְדָּשִׁים, נִפְגַּם הַזָּנָב מִן הָעֶצֶם, אֲבָל לֹא מִן הַפֶּרֶק, אוֹ שֶׁהָיָה רֹאשׁ הַזָּנָב מַפְצִיל עֶצֶם, אוֹ שֶׁיֵּשׁ (בָּשָׂר) בֵּין חֻלְיָא לְחֻלְיָא מְלֹא אֶצְבַּע:
Jeśli została nakłuta pochwa męskiego organu - lub żeńskie genitalia, w przypadku [innych] uświęconych [zwierząt]. Jeśli brakuje ogona [kręgu] od kości - ale nie w stawie [łączącym] - lub jeśli koniec ogona jest rozszczepiony [i odsłania] kość lub jeśli między każdy krąg.
Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
זובן (bag which contains a male animal’s membrum) – the case/casket that the sinew of the cattle is hidden/covered in). When it is damaged/mutilated, it is a blemish because it does not return healthy, but if it was removed it is not a blemish, for it returns to its normal condition.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bekhorot
Today’s mishnah deals with defects in an animal’s genitalia.
If the sheath [of the penis] is defective or the genitals of a female animal in the case of sacrificial offerings [it is defective.] If the sheath that holds the male penis is defective, it won’t heal and therefore it constitutes a permanent wound. A female animal whose genitalia are defective cannot be offered as a sacrifice. It is not relevant to say that it cannot be a first-born since a bekhor (a first-born) must be a male.
If the sheath [of the penis] is defective or the genitals of a female animal in the case of sacrificial offerings [it is defective.] If the sheath that holds the male penis is defective, it won’t heal and therefore it constitutes a permanent wound. A female animal whose genitalia are defective cannot be offered as a sacrifice. It is not relevant to say that it cannot be a first-born since a bekhor (a first-born) must be a male.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
עריה של נקבה (genitals of a female animal) – pudenda that protrudes outward and appears on the rest of the area of the body.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bekhorot
If the tail is mutilated from the bone but not from the joint; or if the top end [root] of the tail is bared to the bone; or if there is flesh between one joint and another [in the tail] to the amount of a finger's breadth [the animal is defective]. There are three defects listed here: 1) If the tail is mutilated on its bone part, then the animal is defective because the wound will not heal. However, if it is mutilated on the joint between the segments it can still be sacrificed as a first born. 2) If the root end of the tail is bared to the bone. 3) If there is too much space between the joints of the tail.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
במוקדשים – in the rest of Holy Things that have in them female [animals] as for example, peace offerings, for whereas regarding the firstling, there isn’t a female.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
אבל לא מן הפרק (but not at the joint) – that is damaged between the joints a long ascent, when all of the tail has not been severed.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
או שהיה ראש הזנב מפציל את עצם – the head of the tail is suspended below, the flesh and skin is peeled and the boney remains uncovered, it still is not a long ascent, since it is the head of the vone.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
מפציל – that it was peeled/split off. Another explanation- that the tail was divided at its end to two tails and there is a bone in each of them.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bekhorot
ובין חוליא לחוליא מלוא אצבע – that the vertebrae/links of the tail are far from each other, the distance of a finger’s breadth, which is the width of a thumb.
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