Mishnah
Mishnah

Talmud su Nazir 3:7

מִי שֶׁהָיוּ שְׁתֵּי כִתֵּי עֵדִים מְעִידוֹת אוֹתוֹ, אֵלּוּ מְעִידִים שֶׁנָּזַר שְׁתַּיִם, וְאֵלּוּ מְעִידִים שֶׁנָּזַר חָמֵשׁ, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, נֶחְלְקָה הָעֵדוּת וְאֵין כָּאן נְזִירוּת. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, יֵשׁ בִּכְלָל חָמֵשׁ שְׁתַּיִם, שֶׁיְּהֵא נָזִיר שְׁתָּיִם:

Se due serie di testimoni hanno testimoniato di un uomo, una ha affermato di aver promesso due [Naziritisms] e l'altra ha dichiarato di aver promesso cinque —[Nello stesso momento in cui dici che ha promesso due, diciamo che ha promesso cinque. E dice che non ha promesso affatto]—Beth Shammai afferma che la testimonianza è divisa. [Dal momento che si contraddicono a vicenda, le loro parole sono annullate e nessuna testimonianza ottiene.] E Beth Hillel dice: Incluso in cinque sono due, e deve osservare due naziriti.

Jerusalem Talmud Sanhedrin

MISHNAH: Anybody who adds inquiries40About the details of the crime which are investigated after time and place have been established. is praiseworthy. It happened that Ben Zakkai41According to the Babli, 41a/b, it is possible that he is Rabban Johanan ben Zakkai. During the time that capital jurisdiction was still in the hands of a Jewish court, not yet in that of the Roman governor, he was not yet the head of the Synhedrion and, therefore, had no title. cross-examined about fig stalks. What is the difference between investigations and cross-examinations? In investigations, if one said “I do not know”, their testimony is worthless42As testimony which cannot be shown to be perjured.. In cross-examinations, if one said “I do not know”, or even two say “we do not know,” their testimony remains valid43The credibility of the witnesses may be impaired. This is a matter to be decided by the judges, not an absolute obstacle.. Both in investigations and cross-examinations, if they contradict one another their testimony is worthless44A conviction requires testimony by two witnesses. If there are conflicting testimonies and the judges believe one of them, no conviction could result since it would be based on the word of one witness alone..
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