Non si può desistere dalla (mitzvah) della procreazione se non ha figli. Beth Shammai dice: Due maschi, [derivandolo da Mosè, che si separò da sua moglie dopo aver generato due maschi.] E Beth Hillel dice: Un maschio e una femmina, scritto (Genesi 1:27): "Maschio e femmina li ha creati ". [E Mosè non può servire come precedente, poiché ha agito dalla Divina Fiat.] Se uno sposasse una donna e vivesse con lei dieci anni senza avere figli, potrebbe non desistere (dalla mitzvah). [Come troviamo con Abraham. Dopo aver vissuto con Sarah per dieci anni e senza avere figli, ha sposato Agar. Il tempo che ha vissuto con lei al di fuori di Eretz Yisrael non è incluso, poiché vivere al di fuori della terra potrebbe aver contribuito (alla sua mancanza di figli). E tutte le volte che un uomo o una donna sono malati, o incarcerati, o in qualsiasi altro stato in cui è vietata la convivenza, questo non è incluso nel periodo di dieci anni.] Se ha divorziato da lei, le è permesso sposare un altro. [Perché (l'assenza di figli) può essere dovuto non a lei, ma a lui. E quando la divorzia, le dà (la quantità di) la sua kethubah, se lei afferma che è dovuto al suo "non sparare come una freccia". E le imponiamo un divieto se lei lo sa diversamente e fa una pretesa falsa nei suoi confronti.] Il secondo è autorizzato a vivere dieci anni con lei. E se lei abusa, conta dal momento in cui lei abusa. La mitzvah dei figli generatori si basa sull'uomo e non sulla donna, [essendo scritto (Genesi 1:27): "Sii fecondo e moltiplica ... e sottomettilo" ("vekivshuhah"). È scritto difettoso, senza il vav dopo lo stinco (implicando che solo uno viene affrontato e che la mitzvah della procreazione devolve sull'uomo, il "subduer" della donna.)] R. Yochanan b. B'roka disse: Di entrambi (uomo e donna) è scritto (Ibid. 28): "E Dio li ha benedetti, e Dio ha detto loro: 'Sii fecondo e moltiplica." "[L'halachah non è conforme con lui.]
Jerusalem Talmud Megillah
“And the Ninth of Av.” 132This paragraph also is in Ta`aniot 4:9, Notes 370–377. Rebbi Jeremiah in the name of Rebbi Ḥiyya, it should have been logical that one should fast on the Tenth, since on it it was burned. Why on the Ninth? Because the calamity started on it. So it was stated, on the Seventh they entered, on the Eighth they were misbehaving in it, on the Ninth they started the fire, and on the Tenth it was burned. Rebbi Joshua ben Levi fasted Ninth and Tenth. Rebbi Levi fasted on the Ninth and the night of the Tenth. Rebbi Abba bar Zavda in the name of Rebbi Ḥanina: Rebbi wanted to uproot the Ninth of Av but they did not let him. Rebbi Eleazar said to him, I was with you but it was not said so, but Rebbi wanted to uproot the Ninth of Av which fell on a Sabbath but they did not let him. He said, because it was pushed aside, let it be pushed aside. They said to him, let it be pushed to the next day. In a similar case, that which we stated there: “Rebbi Joḥanan ben Beroqa said, for both of them it says, God blessed them and God said to them, be fruitful and multiply133Gen. 1:28., etc.” Rebbi Eleazar in the Name of Rebbi Ḥanina: Practice follows Rebbi Joḥanan ben Beroqa. Rebbi Abba bar Zavda said to him, I was with you and it was only said, if she asks to be married the law is on her side. He said about them, two are better than one134Eccl. 4:9..
MISHNAH: A man should not rest from being fruitful and multiply unless he has children. The House of Shammai say two males, but the House of Hillel say a male and a female, as it is said “male and female He created them110Gen. 1:27..” If he married a wife and she stayed with him for ten years and had no child he is not permitted to rest. If he divorced her111He also might take a second wife., she is permitted to marry another and the second [husband] is permitted to stay with her for ten years, and if she had a miscarriage she counts from the moment of the miscarriage. The man is commanded to be fruitful and multiply but not the woman. Rebbi Joḥanan ben Beroqa said, for both of them it says “God blessed them and God said to them, be fruitful and multiply,112Gen. 1:28.” etc.
370This paragraph also appears in Megillah1:6 (מ). Rebbi Jeremiah in the name of Rebbi Ḥiyya, it should have been logical that one should fast on the Tenth, since on it our God’s Temple was burned. Why on the Ninth? Because the calamity started on it3712K. 25:8.. So it was stated, on the Seventh they entered, on the Eighth they were misbehaving in it, on the Ninth they started the fire, and on the Tenth it was burned372Babli 29a, Tosephta 3:10.. Rebbi Joshua ben Levi fasted Ninth and Tenth. Rebbi Abun fasted Ninth and Tenth. Rebbi Levi fasted on the Ninth and the night of the Tenth. Rebbi Abba bar Zavda in the name of Rebbi Ḥanina: Rebbi wanted to uproot the Ninth of Av but they did not let him373Babli Megillah 5b.. Rebbi Eleazar said to him, I was with you but it was not said so, but Rebbi wanted to uproot the Ninth of Av which fell on a Sabbath but they did not let him. He said, because it was pushed aside, let it be pushed aside. They said to him, let it be pushed to the next day. In a similar case, that which we stated there374Mishnah Yebamot 6:6.: “Rebbi Joḥanan ben Beroqa said, for both of them it says, God blessed them and God said to them, be fruitful and multiply375Gen. 1:28., etc.” Rebbi Eleazar in the Name of Rebbi Ḥanina: Practice follows Rebbi Joḥanan ben Beroqa. Rebbi Abba bar Zavda said to him, I was with you and it was only said, if she asks to be married the law is on her side376If a woman is married childless for ten years she may ask the court to force her husband to give her a divorce with full payment of her ketubah. In her application to the court she must state that her request is in order to be able to marry another man (who implicitly is supposed to be more fertile than the first.) In the Babli Yebamot 65b she is required to state explicitly that she wants to marry another man in order to have children who will be able to care for her in her old age.. He said about them, two are better than one377Eccl. 4:9..