R. Eliezer dice: Se uno rende la sua preghiera k'va [in modo che la sua preghiera si senta gravosa per lui. "K'va"—"È chok kavua (" uno statuto fisso ") per me pregare, e devo" liberarmene "."], Non è una supplica spiegata. R. Yehoshua dice: Chi cammina in un luogo di pericolo recita una breve preghiera. [E qual è la breve preghiera?] Dice: "Aiuta, o L-rd, il tuo popolo, il residuo di Israele; perché il parashath haibur [" anche quando vanno fuori strada (porshim) in trasgressione "], lascia che i loro bisogni siano dinanzi a Te. Beato te, o L-rd, che ascolti la preghiera ". [Lascia che i loro bisogni siano rivelati davanti a Te per avere pietà di loro. "Parashath"—come in "perishah" (separazione). "Haibur"—di aveirah (trasgressione). E l'halachah non è conforme a R. Yehoshua, ma la preghiera che si recita in un luogo di pericolo è: "I bisogni del tuo popolo sono molti, ecc." Uno lo recita mentre cammina e non recita né le prime tre né le ultime tre benedizioni (dello shemoneh esreh). E quando lascia il luogo pericoloso e la sua mente è a riposo, deve recitare la tefillah come al solito se il suo tempo non è passato.]
Tosefta Berakhot
Just like the Torah established a set time to read the Shema, so too the Sages established a set time for [the] prayer [of Shemoneh Esreh]. Why did they say [that] the morning prayer [of Shmoneh Esreh can be prayed only] until noon? Because the morning Tamid (daily offering) [sacrifice] could be brought [only] until noon. Rebbi Yehudah says, “[The morning prayer of Shmoneh Esreh can be prayed only] until [the end of the first] four hours [of the day].” And why did they say that the Mincha (afternoon) prayer [of Shemoneh Esreh can only be prayed] until the evening? Because the afternoon Tamid [sacrifice] could be brought [only] until the evening. Rebbi Yehudah says, “[The Mincha prayer of Shmoneh Esreh can be prayed only] until Plag Hamincha.” And when is Plag Hamincha? Eleven minus one quarter hours [of the day] (i.e. 10 ¾ hours). And why did they say that the evening prayer [of Shmoneh Esreh] does not have a set time? Because the limbs and fats [of the sacrifices] could be brought the whole night. And why did they say that the Mussaf prayer [of Shmoneh Esreh can be prayed] the whole day? Because the Mussaf (additional offering) sacrifice could be brought the whole day. Rebbi Yehudah says, “[The Mussaf prayer can be prayed] until [the end of the first] seven hours [of the day].”
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Tosefta Berakhot (Lieberman)
... Rabbi 'Lazar (=El`azar) the son of Rabbi Zadok says, Father used to pray a short prayer on Sabbath eve: "Because of Your love, O Lord our God, with which You have loved Your people Israel, and because of Your kindness, Our King, which You have shown to the people of Your covenant, You have granted us, O Lord, this great and holy seventh day in love."
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Tosefta Berakhot
I would have thought that a person can pray [Shemoneh Esreh] all day long. [However] it explains in Daniel, “… and three times a day he prayed on his knees …” (Daniel 6:11) I would have thought that [a person] can pray facing any direction he wants. [However] the verse teaches us, “… where in the attic he had windows facing Yerushalayim …” (ibid.) I would have thought that [Daniel] only began to pray after he was exiled. [However] the verse teaches us, “… just as he had always done.” (ibid.)
