I seguenti [sono elementi] che se salivano [all'altare], non scendevano. [Un oggetto sacrificale] che fu lasciato durante la notte [e poi ripreso sull'altare], o era impuro [e poi ripreso], o uscì [dal cortile del Tempio], o fu macellato [con l'intenzione di agire] all'esterno il suo posto giusto o dopo il suo tempo, o se le persone non ammissibili hanno ricevuto il suo sangue o ne hanno spruzzato il sangue. Il rabbino Yehudah dice: [Se] è stato macellato di notte, [o] il suo sangue è stato versato, o [se] il suo sangue ha lasciato le [confini dei] tendaggi [del Tabernacolo, in seguito - le pareti del Tempio] - se salì [all'altare], scende. Il rabbino Shimon dice: non scende, poiché il rabbino Shimon non voleva dire: qualsiasi sacrificio che fosse diventato invalido all'interno del tempio [recinti] - il tempio lo accetta; se non è diventato invalido all'interno del Tempio [recinti, ma al di fuori di essi] - il Tempio non lo accetta.
Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
הלן – whether blood or the portions of the sacrifice offered on the altar that stayed overnight outside of the altar.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
Introduction
In yesterday’s mishnah we learned that when a sacrifice is placed on the altar, it is not taken off, even if it turned out to be unfit. Today’s mishnah discusses what types of disqualifications require that the sacrifice be left on the altar.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
ר' יהודה אומר שנשחטה בלילה וכו' אם עלתה תרד – as it is written (Leviticus 6:2): “This is the ritual of the burnt offering: The burnt offering itself [shall remain where it is burned upon the altar all night until morning],” there are here three exclusions: it (i.e., the verse) excluded something slaughtered at night, and that its blood was poured, and that its blood left outside of the curtains, that if it went up, it should be brought down.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
The following do not descend once they have ascended: [Sacrificial flesh] that was kept overnight, Or that which becomes unclean Or that that which goes out [of its permitted boundaries], Or which was slaughtered [with the intention of consuming it] after the appropriate time or outside the appropriate place; Or if unfit [persons] received and sprinkled its blood. If one of the following disqualifications occurs to a sacrifice and then it is put on the altar, the flesh is not removed from the altar. A) This refers to parts of the sacrifice that are burned on the altar that were outside the Temple overnight. This disqualifies them from being sacrificed. B) Sacrificial flesh is subject to uncleanness. C) Sacrificial flesh cannot be taken out of the Temple courtyard. D) The person offering it had a disqualifying intention (see 2:2). E) Unfit persons can receive and sprinkle the blood of a sacrifice (2:1).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
ר' שמעון אומר לא תרד – for he expounds (Leviticus 6:2): “This is the ritual of the burnt offering” - one Torah for all of those that go up, that if they went up, they should not go down [for its invalidity took place in the sanctuary]. But the Halakha is according to Rabbi Yehuda.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
Rabbi Judah says: that which was slaughtered at night or whose blood was spilt or whose blood went outside the curtains, if it ascended, it must descend. Rabbi Judah lists a few other cases in which, in his opinion, the sacrifice is taken off of the altar even if it was already put up there. There are three such cases: 1) It was slaughtered at night sacrifices must be slaughtered during the day. 2) If the blood spilled and therefore they could not sprinkle it on the altar, as is done with all sacrifices. 3) If the blood was taken out of the curtains, which is another way of saying that the blood was taken out of the Temple courtyard.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
Rabbi Shimon says: it does not descend, because Rabbi Shimon says: anything whose disqualification arose in sanctity, the sacred [altar] receives it; if its disqualification did not arise in sanctity, the sacred [altar] does not receive it. Rabbi Shimon disagrees with Rabbi Judah concerning the last category the blood taken out of the courtyard. He holds that only if the disqualification occured “in sanctity” meaning within the Temple courtyard does the sacrifice not descend from the altar. If the disqualification occurred outside of the sacred Temple courtyard, then the sacred altar does not receive it, and it must be taken down. Tomorrow’s mishnah will explain what disqualifications occur outside the Temple’s courtyard.
