Il rabbino Yehoshua dice: i fichi neri possono essere contati insieme al bianco [per rimuovere un fico bianco che è Teruma e caduto in una miscela di fichi bianchi e neri], e il bianco può essere contato insieme al nero [per rimuovere un fico nero ]. Nel caso di torte di fichi, il grande può essere contato insieme al piccolo e il piccolo può essere contato insieme al grande. Il giro [torte di fichi] può essere contato insieme al quadrato [torte], e il quadrato può essere contato insieme al giro. Il rabbino Eliezer lo proibisce. Il rabbino Akiva dice: se si sa in quale [tipo] è caduto, allora il [tipo] non può essere contato insieme all'altro, ma se non si sa in quale [tipo] è caduto, allora il [tipo] può essere contati insieme all'altro.
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
תאנים שחורים מעלות ת הלבנות – a fig of heave-offering, black or white, that fell into one-hundred unconsecrated figs , half of them black and half of hem white, all of them combine to be voided, for if he had wanted, he would tread on them and mix them all together. But if a a black one fell, it neutralizes one from the black ones, and if a white one [fell], it neutralizes one of the white ones, and the remainder are unconsecrated produce as they were.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Introduction
Our mishnah deals with the issue of whether the kind of terumah that fell into the hullin (non-sacred produce) must be exactly like all of the hullin into which it fell.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
עגולי דבלה – cakes of of figs that are pressed/stamped with a round mold in which figs are pressed, the large ones neutralize the small ones,, if there are fifty small cakes found there and twenty-five large cakes, and one of he large ones is like two of the small ones, and there fell into them a small cake of heave-offering/Terumah, they assist all of them to be nullified. And similarly, round ones neutralize the figs pressed in quadrangular molds, these round ones are pressed in a round mold, the quadrangular ones are figs pressed in the square shape, like a frame/mold that they make the square stamped ones.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Rabbi Joshua says: black figs can bring up white ones, and white ones can bring up black ones. In the case of cakes of figs, the large can bring up the small, and the small can bring up the large. Round cakes of figs can bring up square cakes, and square cakes can bring up round ones. According to Rabbi Joshua if a black terumah fig fell into a pile of 100 hullin figs, fifty of which were white and fifty black, the owner can remove one fig, give it to the priest and eat the rest. Even though it is clear that the fifty white figs were not the terumah fig that fell in, so that in reality there are only fifty-one figs that could have been the terumah fig (the fifty one black figs), the white figs can join with the black figs to make up the required 100 to 1 ratio. Rabbi Joshua goes on to the say that the same is true if a large cake of figs fell into a pile of small and large cakes of figs, or if a round cake fell into a pile of round and square cakes. Since they are all figs, they all join to create the required ratio to “bring up” the terumah figs.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
רבי אליעזר אוסר – if a black one fell, the black ones are forbidden, and id if what one fell, the white ones are forbidden, and similarly, large and small ones, and round and square ones, that which is similar to what fell are forbidden.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Rabbi Eliezer prohibits this. Rabbi Eliezer forbids this for the reason that I explained above in this scenario only fifty-one of the figs is potentially terumah and therefore we don’t have the required 100-1 ratio.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
בידו מה נפלה – black or white, they do not neutralize, because one is able to eat the others, and since they are permitted, they do not help to nullify. But if it is not known if black ones fell or white ones fell, that all of them are doubtfully forbidden, they neutralize each other, and he Halakha is according to Rabbi Akiva.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Rabbi Akiba says: if the kind which fell in is known, then the one kind cannot bring up the other kind, but if the kind is not known, the one kind can bring up the other. Rabbi Akiva mediates between their two opinions. If we know that a white fig fell in, then only white figs can count to the ratio of 100-1. But if we don’t know which color fig fell in, then all of the figs could have been terumah and we will have the required ratio. It seems that conceptually Rabbi Akiva agrees more with Rabbi Eliezer, but that he notes that if we don’t know exactly what fell in, then it doesn’t matter what color the figs are, as long as there is a 100-1 ratio.
