Una volta, gli uomini di Tiberiade misero un tubo per l'acqua fredda in un condotto per l'acqua calda [proveniente dalle sorgenti calde di Tiberiade, in modo che l'acqua fredda fosse riscaldata dal caldo.] I saggi dissero loro: Se di sabato, come acqua calda riscaldata di sabato, [vale a dire, lo stato dell'acqua che scorre attraverso quel tubo di sabato è quello di acqua calda che è stata riscaldata di sabato], vale a dire: è vietato lavarvi dentro [anche un piccolo arto] ed è [anche] vietato berlo. [E lo stato dell'acqua che lo attraversa] in un festival è quello dell'acqua calda che è stata riscaldata in un festival. È vietato lavare [l'intero corpo] al suo interno, ma è consentito lavarsi la faccia, le mani e i piedi], ed è consentito berlo. [L'halachah è conforme ai saggi. (Gli uomini di Tiberiade fecero un'inversione di rotta e rompevano la pipa.)] Uno può bere da un moliare raschiato di sabato. [("moliar" :) La gemara spiega: Acqua dentro, carboni fuori. È una nave con un piccolo ricettacolo attaccato alla sua parete esterna in cui sono messi i carboni e l'acqua nel grande ricettacolo. Se è stato raschiato di carbone mentre era ancora giorno, è consentito bere l'acqua nel grande recipiente di sabato, anche se è riscaldato in qualche modo dalla nave. Perché non aggiunge calore, ma lo conserva solo in modo che il contenuto non sia freddo.] Non si può bere da un antico, anche se è stato raschiato. [Gli antichi è una nave di rame con due superfici. L'acqua è posta sopra e il fuoco sotto, tra le due superfici, il suo calore viene così conservato a lungo. In modo che anche se i carboni vengono raschiati la vigilia di sabato, l'acqua viene riscaldata di sabato, per cui è vietato bere da essa di sabato.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
סלון – a pipe that conducts the water in it and this pipe/duct was sunk in the hot springs of Tiberias and warmed from the power of those warm waters, and when the cold waters were drawn into it, they are warmed by that pipe/duct that was warmed by the hot springs of Tiberias, and the Sages said that the waters that were drawn into it that pipe on Shabbat, there law is like the law of waters that were warmed on Shabbat – that it is forbidden to bathe in them even a small limb and it is forbidden even for drinking, but the waters that pass through them on a Jewish holy day/Yom Tov, their law is like the law of hot waters that were heated on Yom Tov – that is forbidden to bathe one’s entire body in them, but it is permitted to wash one’s face, hands and feet in them, but drinking is permitted, and the Halakha is according to the Sages. The men of Tiberias retracted and broke the duct/pipe.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah discusses heating water on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
מוליאר – They explained in the Gemara (Tractate Shabbat 41a and Rashi’s commentary) – water from inside and coals from outside and it is a utensil that has a small receptacle near its wall from the outside which is attached to it, and they place there the coals and water in the large receptable on the Sabbath, and even though it warmed a bit from the warmth of the utensil, because it does not add vapor, but preserves and maintains their heat that it not become cold.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
It once happened that the people of Tiberias conducted a pipe of cold water through an arm of the hot springs. The sages said to them: if this happened on the Shabbat, it is like hot water heated on the Shabbat, and is forbidden both for washing and for drinking; If on a festival, it is like water heated on a festival, which is forbidden for washing but permitted for drinking. In Tiberias before Shabbat the people set up a pipe of cold water to flow through the hot springs so that the water in the pipe would heat up on Shabbat and they would have hot water for drinking and bathing. This is not actually cooking because there is no fire, but it is similar enough to cooking such that this is prohibited on Shabbat. Therefore on Shabbat it is forbidden to use this water for either cooking or washing. On festivals (Yom Tov) it is permitted to cook in order to eat. Therefore, if they did this on the festival they may use the water for drinking, but not for washing. It is not permitted to heat water for washing on a festival.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אנטיכי – it is a copper utensil which has two rims/saucers [at the bottom of the vessel and they place the water above and the fire below between the two saucers and since the fire is below between the two rims/saucers, the heat remains more and even though the coals were raked from the eve of the Sabbath, the water is heated up in it on the Sabbath – therefore we don’t drink from them on Shabbat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A miliarum which is cleared of its ashes--they may drink from it on Shabbat. A miliarum is a clay vessel for water which has a pipe in it in which they would put hot coals to heat water. One can drink the water from a milarium only if the coals were removed before Shabbat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
An antiki even if its ashes have been cleared--they may not drink from it. An antiki is a copper pot which has a large place to put coals in it so that the water would get very hot. It retains its heat better than a mililarum. Since it retains its heat so well, it is forbidden to use it on Shabbat even if the coals have been removed before Shabbat.
