Beth Shammai dice: Fasci di lino non vengono messi nel forno [per imbiancare], a meno che non siano [completamente cotti a vapore] mentre è ancora giorno; né lana nella vasca [del tintore], a meno che il colore non prenda [mentre è ancora giorno.] Beth Hillel glielo permette, [cioè, di metterlo lì mentre è ancora giorno e avere il colore per tutta la notte. Beth Hillel lo consente solo in una vasca rimossa dal fuoco. Perché se c'è un fuoco sotto di esso durante il sabato, è proibito—una gezeirah, per non mescolare i carboni. E anche la vasca deve essere chiusa e sigillata con calce—un gezeirah perché non si mescoli e lo mescoli di sabato e sia responsabile per "cottura"]. Beth Shammai dice: Le reti non sono diffuse (per intrappolare) animali, uccelli o pesci, a meno che non siano intrappolate mentre è ancora giorno. Beth Hillel lo consente.
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אונין – bundles of beaten [wet] flax, and we put them in the oven and heated.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
Today’s mishnah contains two more debates between Bet Shammai and Bet Hillel over whether work may be begun on Friday before Shabbat, if that work will continue on its own throughout Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
שיבהילו – when they are warmed, the steam would rise up on them
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Beth Shammai says: bundles of wet flax may not be placed in an oven unless they can begin to steam while it is still day, nor wool in the dyer’s kettle unless it can [absorb the color] such that [the color] is visible. But Bet Hillel permits it. Bet Shammai prohibits putting flax in the oven or wool in the dyer’s kettle if the work will continue to be performed on Shabbat. If the essential part of drying the flax or dying the wool has been done before Shabbat, then she may leave her things over Shabbat. But if not, Bet Shammai prohibits. Bet Hillel again permits this.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ליורה – of the dyers.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Bet Shammai says: traps for wild beasts, fowl, and fish may not be spread unless they can be caught while it is still day; But Bet Hillel permits it. This is in essence the same debate as above. The one innovation is that Bet Hillel permits even though the whole work might end up being done on the Shabbat, as opposed to the other cases where the work began on Friday. Similarly, Bet Shammai forbids this, even though there is no certainty that the traps will catch anything on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אלא כדי שיקלוט את העין – that it would absorb the color while it is still day (i.e., on Friday).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
וב"ה מתירין – to put them into it while it still day so that it would absorb it all night long. But the School of Hillel did not permit other than with a dyer’s kettle uprooted from the fire, for if there is fire underneath it on Shabbat, it is prohibited, as a preventive decree lest he rake the coals underneath the ashes (Talmud Shabbat 18b and 34b). But he also needs that the kettle is sealed with plaster, as a preventive decree lest he stir it and turn it over on Shabbat (Talmud Shabbat 18b), and he would be liable because of [the prohibition against] cooking.
