A Nazirite sono vietate tre cose: impurità [(Numeri 6: 6): "Sull'anima di un morto non verrà."], Radendosi [(Ibid. 5): "Una lama non deve passare sopra la sua testa . "], e ciò che viene dalla vite [(Ibid. 3):" E l'uva, bagnata o secca, non deve mangiare. "] E tutto ciò che viene dalla vite [come l'uva, bagnata e asciutta, i noccioli e buccia] si combinano tra loro [a una dimensione di oliva, rendendone uno suscettibile alle strisce.] E non è responsabile fino a quando non mangia una oliva di dimensioni uva. E anche la quantità da bere è di dimensioni olivastre. Poiché poiché è scritto: "E l'uva, bagnata e asciutta, non mangerà", ne ricaviamo: proprio come con il mangiare, un olivastro, quindi con il bere, un olivastro.] Una Mishnah precedente: (Egli è non risponde) fino a quando non beve una cantina di vini. [La precedente Mishnah ci informa che la ricaviamo in modo opposto, mangiando bevendo. E la quantità da bere per un nazirite (per essere responsabile) è una rivelazione, essendo questo derivato "shechar" (bevanda forte) (Numeri 6: 3) - "shechar" (Levitico 10: 9), da (ciò che è scritto rispetto a) il santuario. E così come la quantità bevente proibita è una bevanda, così la quantità alimentare proibita è una bevanda.] R. Akiva dice: Anche se uno immerge il suo pane nel vino e c'è abbastanza da combinare a una dimensione di oliva, è responsabile. [R. Akiva sostiene che la quantità proibita per una nazirite, sia per mangiare che per bere, è di dimensioni olivastre, e il (cibo) autorizzato si combina con il proibito di completare il quantitativo (proibito). L'halachah non è conforme a R. Akiva.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
שלשה מינים אסורין בנזיר הטומאה – as it is written (Numbers 6:5): “no razor shall touch his head.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
Introduction
This mishnah first lists what is prohibited to a nazirite and then delineates the minimum amount of products that a nazirite must eat/drink to be considered liable.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
Three things are forbidden to a nazirite: ritual defilement, shaving, and products of the vine. This section provides an overview of what is forbidden to the nazirite. Note that the prohibition of ritual defilement refers only to defilement contracted from dead bodies, and not other forms of defilement.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
All products of the vine join together [to add up to a minimum measure], and he is not liable until he eats an olive’s worth of grapes. According to the earlier mishnah, until he drinks a quarter [of a log] of wine. Rabbi Akiba says: even if he soaked his bread in wine and it is enough to make an olive’s worth he is liable. As with most halakhot, the rabbis give a minimum measure beyond which a person has transgressed against the Torah. According to our mishnah, a mishnah which can be attributed to Rabbi Akiba, as we shall see below, a person is liable once he has eaten an olive’s worth of grapes. This olive’s worth can be composed of any grape products: juices, skins and seeds. In contrast, according to the earlier mishnah, he is not obligated unless he drinks a quarter log of wine, an amount that is about an eighth of a liter (a little less than one-third of a soda can). Rabbi Akiba disagrees with the earlier mishnah and holds that the minimum measure is an olive’s worth, an amount smaller than a quarter of a log. He also holds that if the wine is soaked up by something which is permitted to eat, then if together they add up to an olive’s worth, he is liable. So if the bread and wine together are an olive’s worth he is liable.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
והיוצא מן הגפן – as for example, moist/fresh and dry grapes, the exterior and interior [of grapes] combine to make olive’s bulk to be flogged for them [by violating consumption of these things].
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
אינו חייב עד שיאכל מן הענבים כזית – and the same law applies regarding the measure for drinking up to an olive’s bulk for since it is written (Numbers 6:3): “nor eat fresh or dried,” we derive from it – just as “eating” is up to an olive’s bulk, so also, “drinking” is up to an olive’s bulk.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
משנה ראשונה עד שישתה רביעית יין – but the earlier version of the Mishnah is the opposite as we learn that we derive “eating” from “drinking” for the measure of ‘drinking” for a Nazirite [that is prohibited] is a Revi’it/one-quarter of a LOG (i.e., a LOG equals the volume of six eggs or a bottom of two fingers by two with the height of one and five-sixth of a finger) that we derive from [the analogy of] (Leviticus 10:9): “Drink no wine or other intoxicant, [you and your sons] שכר\שכר (Numbers 6:3): “he shall not drink vinegar of wine or of any other intoxicant,” from the Temple (see Leviticus 10:9 above). And just as the measurement of the prohibition of “drinking,” is one-quarter of a LOG, so also, the measurement of [prohibited] eating is one-quarter of a LOG.”
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
אפילו שרה פתו ביין ויש בה כדי לצרף כזית חייב – for Rabbi Akiva holds that the measurement of prohibition for a Nazirite whether in regard to “eating,” or “drinking,” is [the equivalent] of an olive’s bulk [collectively], and the permitted combines with that which is prohibited to complete up to the [obligated] measure, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Akiva.
