Rabbi Yose dice: Due mikvaot [raccolte d'acqua raccolte con mezzi naturali e immerse per la purificazione] che non [contengono] ciascuna quaranta se'ah [una misura specifica del volume], e che un registro [una misura specifica del volume] e mezzo [di acque disegnate] cadde in questo, e un tronco e mezzo in quello, e loro [i due mikvaot ] si mischiarono insieme, sono validi, poiché non gli fu mai dato un titolo di invalidità [cioè indipendentemente, ciascuno era considerato valido dalla legge]. Ma un mikveh che non contiene quaranta se'ah , in cui caddero tre tronchi [di acque disegnate], e fu quindi diviso in due, non è valido, poiché gli fu dato un titolo di invalidità [poiché tre tronchi di acque disegnate invalidano un mikveh contenente meno di quaranta seah di acque valide]. E il rabbino Yehoshua lo considera valido, poiché il rabbino Yehoshua direbbe: qualsiasi mikveh che non contenga quaranta se'ah [di acque valide], se vi cadessero dentro tre tronchi [di acque disegnate], e [allora] diventerebbe anche privo di kortov [Una misura di volume minuto], è valido [quando viene aggiunta abbastanza acqua valida], poiché manca [parte dei] tre registri . E i saggi dicono: è per sempre nel suo stato invalido, fino a quando la sua pienezza e un po 'più si allontanano da essa [cioè dovrebbe diventare carente la quantità di acqua contenuta prima che le acque prelevate fossero aggiunte, più un po' di più, per essere considerato valido].
Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
רבי יוסי אומר. ולזה לוג ומחצה ונתערבו – And behold there are three LOG of drawn water that invalidate the Mikveh, nevertheless, they are kosher/fit.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
Rabbi Yose says: two mikvehs neither of which contains forty seahs and a log and a half [of drawn water] fell into this one and a log and a half into this one, and then they are mixed together, they remain valid, since they had never been called as invalid. But if there is a mikveh holding less than forty seahs, and three logs [of drawn water] fell into it, and it was then divided into two, it is invalid, since it had already been called invalid. According to Rabbi Yose, if the mikveh was never declared invalid because a full three logs of drawn water fell in at one time, then it remains valid even if it turns out that there are three logs of drawn water in it. This is what occurs in the first scenario. The opposite is true in the second scenario. Even though the mikveh was split into two and now in each mikveh there are less than three logs of drawn water, since it was originally declared invalid, both mikvaot remain invalid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
שלא נקרא עלהים שם פסול – that if they add kosher water (i.e., rainwater, for example) in all of them until the completion of the measurement of the Mikveh, that each one of them was kosher.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
Rabbi Joshua declares it valid, for Rabbi Joshua used to say: any mikveh containing less than forty seahs into which three logs [of drawn water] fell and from which a kortov was withdrawn becomes valid, since the three logs have also been diminished. Rabbi Joshua says that both mikvaot are valid because neither mikveh now contains three logs of drawn water. This matches his general opinion that a mikveh into which exactly three logs of drawn water have been put can be made valid by removal of even a kortov, 1/64 of a log of water. Since this tiny bit of water will have some drawn water mixed in with it, there will now be less than three logs of drawn water in the mikveh. Therefore it is valid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
ונחלק לשנים – and they added to each one of them kosher water until there is in each one of them according to the measurement of the Mikveh (i.e., forty Seah).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
But the sages say: it always remains invalid until the amount of its former contents and a little more are removed. The other sages disagree with Rabbi Joshua. They hold that once a mikveh is disqualified because it has three logs of drawn water it cannot be made valid until an amount equal to and a little bit more than its original contents (the amount that was in it before the three logs were put in) is removed.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
פסול – each one of them.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
וחסר אפילו קרטוב – after three contracted/squeezed in LOGS of drawn water fell in it that was missing even a Kartuv (i.e., a small liquid measure equivalent to 1/64th of a LOG) of water.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
כשר – [it is kosher/fit] to add upon it water to complete it for the measurement of a Mikveh/ritual bath. It is impossible that with this one that is lacking is not missing a little bit from the three LOGS, and it is found that there weren’t three LOGS of drawn water.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
קרטוב – 1/64th of a LOG.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
עד שיצא ממנו מלואו – that water that was in it initially when the three LOGS of drawn water fell in.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
ועוד –a bit more in order to omit/lessen from the three LOGS [of drawn water]. As for example, a Mikveh which had in it twenty Seah of kosher water and three LOGS of drawn water fell into it and it was filled up afterwards with rain water, it will always be in its status of invalidity/unfitness until he removes from it the twenty Seah that were there initially, and a little bit more, to omit three LOGS [of drawn water].
