Non c'è differenza tra yom tov e Shabbath ma solo il cibo (preparazione) (essendo proibito su Shabbath ma permesso su yom tov.) [Questa Mishnah è in accordo con Beth Shammai, che dice (Beitzah 1: 5): "Né un minore, né un lulav, né una pergamena della Torah possono essere eseguiti di dominio pubblico (su yom tov), "poiché non sono necessari ai fini del consumo. Ma questa non è l'halachah. Noi regoliamo in accordo con Beth Hillel, che afferma che poiché il trasporto era consentito a scopi alimentari, lo era anche per altri scopi. E ci sono anche altre cose, proibite a Shabbath ma permesse su Yom Tov anche se non sono per uso alimentare, come la caduta di frutti attraverso l'apertura (vedere Beitzah 5: 1), che è consentito su Yom Tov, ma non su Shabbath. Non c'è differenza tra Shabbath e Yom Kippur, ma quella trasgressione volontaria della prima è punibile dall'uomo [pena di morte giudiziaria], mentre la trasgressione volontaria della seconda è punibile da Kareth ("interruzione").
Bartenura on Mishnah Megillah
אין בין יו"ט לשבת אלא אוכל נפש בלבד – [See Mishnah Betzah, 5:2] Our Mishnah is according to [the teachings of] the School of Shammai, who say (Betza 12a), we don’t take out a young child or a Lulav or a Torah scroll into the public domain, since they lack the need for food preparation. And this is not the Halakha, but only according to the words of the School of Hillel, who say that since we are permitted to bring something out for the purposes of eating, it is also permitted to take them out not for the sake of eating. And there are also other things that are prohibited on Shabbat but permitted on Yom Tov/Jewish holy days, even though they are not for the sake of food preparation, such as [see Mishnah Betzah, 5:1] throwing down fruit (if it is about to rain) [that was spread out to dry on the roof] through a trap door on a Jewish holy day, but not on Shabbat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Megillah
Introduction
From here until the end of the chapter there is a series of mishnayot in which each mishnah begins with the literary structure of “there is no difference between x and y except,” the literary structure that we saw in yesterday’s mishnah. This type of structure is probably a result of the Mishnah’s being an oral text. Halakhot phrased in this style are simply easier to remember.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Megillah
שזה זדונו בידי אדם – [if one violates a Mitzvah willfully] on Shabbat , which has death by a Jewish court.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Megillah
There is no difference between Shabbat and Yom Tov except the preparation of food. All work prohibited on Shabbat is also prohibited on Yom Tov, except work done in the preparation of food. For further reading on this subject look at the introduction to tractate Betzah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Megillah
There is no difference between Shabbat and Yom HaKippurim except that the deliberate violation of the one is punished by a human court and the deliberate violation of the other by karet. An intentional transgression of Shabbat carries with it the death penalty, a punishment that is carried out by a human court. In contrast, an intentional transgression of Yom Kippur is not punished by a human court, but rather by karet, a punishment that is dished out by God.
