Atzereth (cioè Shavuoth) che cade alla vigilia del sabato —il giorno della sua macellazione è dopo Shabbath [cioè, Il giorno della macellazione dell'olocausto di "vedere" di Yom Tass è dopo Shabbath. Perché non viene massacrato né a Yom tov né a Shabbath. E il "pagamento" (dell'offerta) si ottiene con Shavuoth tutti e sette i giorni, come succede con Pesach e con Succoth.] E Beth Hillel dice: Non c'è giorno di macellazione dopo Shabbath [cioè, non richiede un "giorno di macellazione ", poiché è permesso massacrarlo su yom tov. Beth Hillel è coerente con la loro sentenza secondo cui è consentito portare offerte di pace e offerte di fuoco su Yom Tonn. La tanna ci informa che anche se è impossibile farlo il giorno successivo, come quando Shavuoth cade alla vigilia del sabato—anche in tal caso Beth Shammai sostiene che un olocausto di "vedere" non viene sacrificato su Yom Tov, e viene respinto fino a dopo Shabbath.] Ed entrambi concordano sul fatto che se Shavuoth cade su Shabbath, il giorno della macellazione è dopo Shabbath. E il sommo sacerdote non si veste nelle [sue festose] vesti [il "giorno della macellazione" di Shavuoth dopo Shabbath, non adornandosi in quel giorno in modo che tutti si rendano conto che non è yom tov. Elogio e digiuno sono permessi quel giorno, per non comprovare le parole di coloro che dicono che Shavuoth viene dopo Shabbath. [Poiché i sadducei dicevano che Shavuoth è sempre alla ricerca di Shabbath, essendo scritto (Levitico 23:15): "E ti conterrai dal domani del sabato", che interpretarono come il sabato della creazione, così che Shavuoth avrebbe cadono sempre di domenica.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
יום טבוח –the day of the slaughter of the burnt-offerings of appearance [at the Temple] of the Festival day. לאחר השבת – they are not offered either on the Festival day nor on Shabbat. But [the holiday] of Atzeret/Shavuot has indemnity/payment all seven [days] like Passover and Shavuot.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Introduction
Atzeret (the rabbinic term for the festival of Shavuot) is the only festival that lasts for just one day. Since Bet Shammai holds that the wholly burnt offering brought as the pilgrimage offering cannot be offered on Yom Tov but they agree that this sacrifice must be offered at some point, the question must be asked, when should it be brought.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
וב"ה אומרים אין לה יום טבוח – it does not require the slaughtering and preparation of the pilgrim’s offering, as it is permitted to offer them on the Festival days. As the School of Hillel, according to its reasoning when they state that we bring peace-offerings and burnt offerings on the Festival days, and the Tanna/teacher comes to teach us that even where it is impossible to do it on the morrow, such as the case where Shavuot occurs on Friday, even in this, the School of Shammai states that the burnt-offerings of appearance [at the Temple] are not offered on the Festival day, and they postponed it it until after the Sabbath.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Atzeret ( which fell on a Friday: Bet Shammai say: the day of the slaughter [of the wholly burnt offerings] is after Shabbat. And Bet Hillel say: the day of the slaughter is not after Shabbat. Since Bet Shammai holds that the wholly burnt offering cannot be brought on Yom Tov itself, they have to posit that there is a “day of the slaughter” that comes the day afterward Atzeret. Bet Hillel says that there is no special “day of the slaughter” because the sacrifice is brought on Atzeret itself.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
אין כהן גדול מתלבש – in his beautiful utensils/raiment, on the day of slaughter and preparation of the pilgrim’s offering of Atzeret/Shavuot that is after the Sabbath, in order that he should not adorn himself on that self-same day, that everyone would understand that this day is not a Festival.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
They agree, however, that if it falls on Shabbat, the day of the slaughter is after Shabbat. If Atzeret falls on Shabbat, then Bet Hillel agrees that the sacrifice is offered the day after because the sacrifice of the hagigah and the pilgrimage wholly burnt offering do not override the prohibition of slaughtering an animal on Shabbat. This is because they can be sacrificed on another day.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
שלא לקיים דברי האומרים עצרת אחר שבת – for the Sadducees would say that Atzeret/Shavuot always [occurs] after Shabbat, as it is written (Leviticus 23:15): “And from [the day on which you bring the sheaf of elevation offering] – the day after the sabbath, [you shall count off seven weeks. They must be complete],” and they say that “the day after the sabbath” in the beginning [of Passover] and if so, Atzeret/Shavuot will always fall on Sunday.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
The high priest does not [in that case] put on his [special] garments, and mourning and fasting are permitted, in order not to confirm the view of those who say that Atzeret is after Shabbat. Perhaps the bitterest dispute between the Sadducees and Pharisees was over the date of Atzeret. The Sadducees held that the Omer began to be brought on the day after Shabbat, hence Shavuot would always fall on Sunday, seven weeks later. The Pharisees/rabbis held that the Omer began to be brought on the second day of Pesah, and hence the day of the week of Shavuot would vary from year to year depending upon the day of the week upon which the first day of Pesah fell. We just learned that if Atzeret fell on Shabbat, they would slaughter the wholly-burnt offerings on Sunday. The problem this creates is that people will think that the halakhah is like the Sadducees. To avoid creating this impression, the rabbis distinguished between this day of slaughter and a normal festival in several ways which would have been evident to the public. First of all the high priest would not wear his eight special garments that he normally wears while performing his worship service. Second, mourning and fasting was permitted. People who saw these changes would understand that the only reason that they were offering the sacrifices on Sunday was that they could not be offered on Shabbat. They would not think that the sages were actually postponing Shavuot to Sunday.
