Una bestia e le navi sono "come i piedi del proprietario". [Uno può portarli a casa loro solo in un posto dove il proprietario è autorizzato ad andare.] Se uno dà la sua bestia a suo figlio o a un pastore, sono "come i piedi del proprietario". [La nostra Mishnah parla di un caso in cui ci sono due pastori in città, e dove non si sa a quale si intende dare. Per questo motivo, sono "come i piedi del proprietario" se la bestia non è con il pastore prima di yom tov. Ma se c'è un solo pastore in città, tutte le persone della città mettono i loro animali nella sua custodia e nel "riposo" (cioè la distanza di yom tov consentita) che ha acquisito, e la bestia, quindi, è "come i piedi del pastore".] I vasi specifici per uno dei fratelli della casa sono "come i suoi piedi". E quelli che non sono specifici [per uno, ma condivisi in comune] sono "come il luogo dove vanno". [vale a dire, ovunque siano autorizzati ad andare, possono prendere le navi. Ma se uno di loro ha fatto un eruv duemila cubiti a nord, e gli altri no, impedisce loro di portarli anche solo un cubito a sud a causa della sua parte; e gli impediscono di portarlo più lontano di duemila cubiti a nord, che è la loro distanza consentita.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
כרגלי הבעלים – a person cannot bring it on the Festival other than where its owners are able to go.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Introduction
The final three mishnayot of the chapter discuss Shabbat border limits, a topic which was discussed in far greater length in tractate Eruvin. The Shabbat border limit is 2000 cubits to each side of the city. One can set up an eruv, a meal, at the end of the limit and thereby extend it another 2000 cubits in that direction. This extension only works in extending is Shabbat border limit in one direction and causes him to lose a matching amount of distance on the opposite side of the city. Hence, one who sets up an eruv at the end of 2000 cubits on the western side of the city can now go 4000 cubits in that direction but cannot go outside the city at all on the eastern side. Our mishnah teaches that these limits apply not only to the person himself but to his animals and his utensils as well.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
או לרועה הרי אלו כרגלי הבעלים – Our Mishnah when there is in the city two shepherds, and we do not know which of them it would be [according to] the will of the owners, they are like status of the owner, if it was not with the shepherd while it was still day [prior to the start of the Festival]. But when the city lacks all but one shepherd, all the people of the city place their cattle in his domain and in having a Sabbath center, it would be like the status of the shepherd.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
A beast and utensils are [restricted to the same limits] as the feet of the owners. As stated in the introduction, just as a person cannot go past his own personal Shabbat border limit, so too the things that belong to him cannot beyond that point.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
ושאינן מיוחדים – [not designated] to one of them, but rather to all of them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
One who gives his cow over to his son or to a cowherd [to tend], they are [restricted to the same limits] as the feet of the owner. The mishnah adds that if a person gives his cow over to someone just to watch it, then the cow stays under the possession of the owner and may only go as far as the owner may go on Shabbat. Therefore, if the owner set his eruv to the west side of the city, his son or his cowherd may not take the cow outside the city on the eastern side.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
הרי אלו כמקום שהולכין – to the place where all of them are able to go, it is permissible to bring the utensils, but if one of them made an Eruv at the end of two-thousand [cubits] to the north and the others did not make an Eruv, he delays them from being able to walk to the south even one step because of his portion, and they prevent him from going to the north, other than to the two-thousand cubits that are permitted to them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Vessels which have been set apart for [the use or] one of the brothers in a house, are [restricted to the same limits] as his feet, but [those utensils] which have not been so set apart, can be taken [only] to a place where [all the brothers] may go. If a vessel (in Hebrew the word for “vessel” includes clothing, bedding and many more objects than the word connotes in English) belonged jointly to some brothers but one brother generally used it, then it can go on Shabbat to any place where that brother may go. So if that brother set his eruv to the west, that vessel can go to the west. However, if all brothers make use of the vessel than it can only go to a place where all of the brothers can go. So if one brother set his eruv to the north and one to the south then the vessel can’t leave the city at all because each brother prevents the other one from bringing the vessel to “his” side.
