Quelle bénédiction fait-on sur les fruits? Sur les fruits de l'arbre, il dit: "Qui crée le fruit de l'arbre"—à l'exception du vin [(en raison de la particularité duquel ils lui ont attribué une bénédiction spéciale, comme ils l'ont fait pour le pain)], sur lequel il dit: "Qui crée le fruit de la vigne." Sur les fruits de la terre il dit: "Qui crée le fruit de la terre"—à l'exception du pain, sur lequel il dit: "Qui fait sortir le pain de la terre". Sur les légumes, il dit: "Qui crée le fruit de la terre". R. Yehudah dit: "Qui crée des variétés d'herbiage." [Car il y a parmi les fruits de la terre des herbes et des graines, comme les légumineuses, et R. Yehudah a besoin d'une bénédiction particulière pour chaque espèce. La halakha n'est pas conforme à R. Yehudah. Quant à notre apprentissage que l'on dit «Qui crée le fruit de la terre» pour les légumes, cela s'applique aux légumes qui sont généralement consommés crus et sont consommés crus, ou qui sont généralement cuits et sont consommés cuits. Mais pour ceux qui sont généralement mangés crus et sont mangés cuits, ou qui sont généralement mangés cuits et sont mangés crus, il dit seulement «shehakol». Et pour les légumes qui se mangent crus ou cuits, on dit "Qui crée le fruit de la terre" qu'il les mange crus ou cuits.]
Tosefta Berakhot
These are the Berachot (blessings) which are [coined to be] short: One who blesses on fruit, and on mitzvot, the Beracha (blessing) of Zimun, and the last Beracha of Shema. These are the Berachot which are [coined to be] long: the Beracha of Fast Days, and the Beracha of Rosh Hashana, and the Berachot of Yom Kippur. From [the way] a person [says] his Berachot it is recognizable if he a fool or if he is a sage.
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Tosefta Berakhot
These are the Berachot (blessings) which do not seal off with [the phrase] Baruch [Ata Hashem] (Blessed are You Hashem): One that blesses on the fruit, and on the mitzvot, Birkat Hazimun, and the last Beracha in Birkat Hamazon. Rebbi Yossi Hagelili used to seal off the last Beracha in Birkat Hamazon and [therefore] make it long.
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Tosefta Berakhot
On seeds he says [the Beracha (blessing)] Borei Minei Zerayim (Who created different types of seeds), and on herbs he says [the Beracha] Borei Minei Deshaim (Who created different types of herbs), and on vegetables he says [the Beracha] Borei Pri Haadama (Who created the fruit of the ground). Rebbi Yehudah says “[on vegetables he makes the Beracha] Baruch Matzmiach Haadama Bidvaro (Blessed upon whose word the ground produces growths).” Rebbi Meir says, “even [if] he saw bread and he said ‘Blessed be the One Who created this bread, how nice this bread is,’ that is its Beracha. Even [if] he saw figs and he said ‘Blessed be the One Who created these figs, how nice they are,’ that is their Beracha.” Rebbi Yossi says, “Anyone who changes [the official text] of Berachot from what the Rabbis have coined, does not fulfill his obligation [of saying the Beracha].” Rebbi Yehudah says, “Any [type of food] that has been changed from its original form (like bread which used to be wheat or wine which used to be grapes), [if] he changed its Beracha [to the Beracha of the food in its original form], he has fulfilled his obligation [of saying the Beracha].”
