Un petzuah dakka est celui dont les testicules ont été blessés, même l'un d'entre eux. Et un k'ruth shafchah est celui dont le membre est coupé. Et s'il restait même une largeur de poils de la couronne [si elle était coupée de la couronne vers le bas], il est en forme, [le «membre» étant de la couronne vers le haut vers le corps. La couronne (atarah) est la rangée de chair entourant le site de circoncision. Si le membre est blessé comme par une épée ou un couteau, ou s'il a été écrasé et est devenu petit de lui-même— s'il a été coupé dans le membre ou les testicules ou les cordons testiculaires —tout cela le rend inapte. Et il n'en est ainsi que lorsque l'homme est la cause; mais si la maladie en est la cause, tout est kasher.] Un petzua dakka et un k'ruth shafchah sont autorisés à un prosélyte et à une esclave affranchie. Et il leur est interdit seulement d'entrer dans la congrégation, il est écrit (Deutéronome 23: 2): "Un petzua dakka et un k'ruth shafchah n'entreront pas dans la congrégation du L rd."
Bartenura on Mishnah Yevamot
ואם נשתייר מהעטרה – that was severed from the corona and further, he is fit, for there is no membrum virile, and from the corona and above and to the side of the membrum. The corona is a column of flesh that surrounds in the place of one’s circumcision or whether the membrum is crushed, hidden by the striking of a sword or a knife; whether it was crushed and became reduced on its own or whether it was cut, whether at the membrum or at the testicles or whether at sinews of the testicles (see Talmud Yevamot 75b), all of them are disqualified. But these words refer to [being damaged] at the hands of a person, but on account of illness, everything is valid.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
Introduction
This mishnah defines the terms petzua dakkah and kerut shofkhah mentioned in Deuteronomy 23:2. These two categories of men cannot marry full Israelite women.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
Who is considered a “petzua dakkah”? Anyone whose testes are wounded even one of them. A “petzua dakkah” is one who has even one of his testes wounded.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
And a “kerut shofkhah”? A man whose member is cut off. If [any part] of the corona remained, even so much as a hair’s breadth, the man is regarded as fit [to serve as a priest]. A “kerut shofkha” is one whose penis has been cut off. However, if any of the crown remains, he is still a valid priest.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
A man who testes are wounded, and one whose member is cut off, are permitted to marry a convert or a freed slave. They are only forbidden to enter into the congregation, as it is said “No one whose testes are crushed or whose member is cut off shall be admitted into the congregation of the Lord” (Deuteronomy 23:2). These two categories of men are permitted to marry converts and freed slaves, who according to this mishnah, are not considered to be part of “the congregation of the Lord”. Only those born as fit Israelites are considered to be part of “the congregation of the Lord”.
