Commentaire sur Yevamot 4:1

הַחוֹלֵץ לִיבִמְתּוֹ, וְנִמְצֵאת מְעֻבֶּרֶת וְיָלָדָה, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהַוָּלָד שֶׁל קְיָמָא, הוּא מֻתָּר בִּקְרוֹבוֹתֶיהָ, וְהִיא מֻתֶּרֶת בִּקְרוֹבָיו, וְלֹא פְסָלָהּ מִן הַכְּהֻנָּה. אֵין הַוָּלָד שֶׁל קְיָמָא, הוּא אָסוּר בִּקְרוֹבוֹתֶיהָ, וְהִיא אֲסוּרָה בִקְרוֹבָיו, וּפְסָלָהּ מִן הַכְּהֻנָּה:

Si quelqu'un donnait de la chalitza à sa yevamah, et qu'elle était enceinte, et qu'elle accouchait —si l'enfant a vécu, il peut épouser ses parents et elle peut épouser ses parents, [ceci n'étant pas chalitzah, chalitzah ayant été inutile. «Ses parents» et «ses parents» de notre Michna sont ceux qui sont interdits à un homme à cause de sa femme, et ceux qui sont interdits à une femme à cause de son mari.], Et elle n'est pas rendue inapte au sacerdoce. Si l'enfant n'a pas vécu [c'est-à-dire s'il s'agissait d'une fausse couche], il est interdit à ses proches et elle est interdite à ses proches et elle est rendue inapte au sacerdoce.

Bartenura on Mishnah Yevamot

החולץ ליבמתו. הוא מותר בקרובותיה – for it is not Halitzah, for surely, she does not require Halitzah and the female and male relatives of our Mishnah, that is that those who are prohibited upon the man on account of his wife, and the male relatives who are prohibited to the wife on account of her husband.

Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot

Introduction This mishnah discusses the case where a yavam performs halitzah, but then the woman who had halitzah is found to be pregnant with the dead husband’s child.

Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

Bartenura on Mishnah Yevamot

אם אין הולד של קיימא – that he is premature/non-viable birth.

Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot

A yavam performs halitzah for his yevamah, and she is subsequently found to be pregnant and she gives birth:
If the child is viable, he is permitted to marry her relatives and she is permitted to marry his relatives, and he does not disqualify her from marrying a priest. If the child is viable, meaning there was no miscarriage, then the halitzah was unnecessary, because only a husband who has no children cause his wives to be subject to yibbum. Since the halitzah was not necessary, all of the results of a man performing halitzah for a woman do not occur. He is permitted to marry her relatives and she is permitted to his relatives [mishnah 7 below will list which relatives are forbidden had the halitzah been necessary]. Furthermore, since the halitzah was unnecessary, she is not disqualified from subsequently marrying a priest, as a regular halutzah (a woman who has had halitzah is).

Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot

If the child is not viable, he is forbidden to marry her relatives and she is forbidden to marry his relatives, and he disqualifies her from marrying a priest. If the child was not viable, meaning she had a miscarriage, then the halitzah was necessary. Therefore, all of the results of a valid halitzah do occur. He is forbidden to marry her relatives and she may not marry his. She is considered a halutzah, and therefore she can no longer marry a priest.

Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy

Chapitre complet Verset suivant